Recent advances in the study of NADC34-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in China

Zhao, Hong-Zhe; Wang, Fengxue; Han, Xiaoyu; Guo, Hao; Liu, Chunyu; Hou, Lina; Wang, Yaxin; Zheng, Huan; Wang, Lu; Wen, Yiping

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.950402

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The prevalence of HP-PRRSV has been seriously affecting the Chinese swine industry since 2006 [ 13 ]. Moreover, owing to the high rate of genetic evolution of PRRSV, the emergence of other PRRSV lineages (such as NADC30-like strains and NADC34-like strains) have also been documented in China in recent years [ 19 , 20 ]. Thus, investigating the epidemiological characteristics of PRRSV would be beneficial for PRRS control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Genetic Characteristics of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in the Hunan and Hebei Provinces of China

Zhai

Yu²,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a significant threat to the pig industry in China. However, the epidemiological characteristics of PRRSV after the outbreak of African swine fever in China were not thoroughly investigated. In the present study, the serological and epidemiological investigations of PRRSV in pigs from the Hunan and Hebei provinces of China were assessed. The results showed that 73.12% (95% CI 71.74–74.49) of pigs were positive for PRRSV-special antibody by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Out of 5799 samples, 482 (8.31%, 95% CI 7.60–9.02) samples were positive for PRRSV nucleic acids. The positive rates of PRRSV in healthy pigs from farms and slaughterhouses were 2.27% (47/2072) and 7.70% (217/2818), which were lower than that in diseased pigs (23.98%, 218/909). Furthermore, the full-length OFR5 gene sequences of 43 PRRSV strains were sequenced and analysed. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 43 isolates were classified into three lineages, namely lineage 1 (n = 24), lineage 8 (n = 15), and lineage 3 (n = 4). Lineage 1 could be further divided into sublineage 1.5 (n = 2) and sublineage 1.8 (n = 22), and lineage 8 was classified into sublineage 8.1 (n = 3) and sublineage 8.7 (n = 12). Collectively, our findings revealed the severe prevalence of PRRSV in the Hunan and Hebei provinces, where sublineage 1.8 and sublineage 8.7 predominated. The present study provides the update information of the epidemiological and genetic characteristics of PRRSV in the investigated regions, which will be beneficial for PRRS control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Genetic Characteristics of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in the Hunan and Hebei Provinces of China

Zhai

Yu²,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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“…The varia tion in the Nsp2 protein of the mutant strains mainly manifests as the "1+29" and "111+1+19"amino acid deletion patterns, similar to the highly pathogenic reference strains NADC30-like and JXA1 from lineages 1 and 8. This suggests the potential presence of highly pathogenic features in these mutant strains [39,40]. Interestingly, the absence of mutation at position 190aa contributed to its higher stability compared to position 63aa.…”

Section: Positive Selection Pressure and N-glycosylation Site Analysismentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Here, we selected sites that were identi ed as positive selection sites by all four methods. The results revealed that among all the isolated viral variant strains, PRRSV's GP5 protein had a total of 15 potential positive selection sites (11,18,19,20,33,38,39,40,65,109,111,131,158,199,203), PCV2's Cap protein had two potential positive selection sites (63, 109), while PCV3's Cap protein did not show any potential positive selection sites.…”

Section: Sequence Homology and Gene Recombination Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Investigation and Bioinformatics Analysis of PRRSV, PCV2, and PCV3 in Guangdong Province, China

Yuan,

Sun,

Niu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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• Background: Reproductive disorders and multiple organ damage in pigs can be caused by various pathogens. Among them, Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) and Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) and Type 3 (PCV3) have coexisted in Chinese pig farms for over 20 years. Recently, the emergence of new outbreaks of these three viruses indicates possible changes in their genetic characteristics. • Results: We conducted detection and isolation of suspected PRRSV and Porcine Circovirus(PCV) infections from multiple pig farms in Guangdong Province between 2020 and 2022. The sample positivity rates for PRRSV, PCV2, and PCV3 reached 33.2% (75/226), 37.6% (85/226), and 7.5% (17/226), respectively. Bioinformatics analysis of the isolated variant strains revealed their alignment with the current dominant epidemic trends. PRRSV strains were mainly composed of HP-PRRSV and NADC30-like, and notably, all isolated strains were wild-type, including three recombinant strains and seven highly virulent strains. PCV2 exhibited high genetic variability, primarily in the form of subtypes 2b and 2d, while PCV3, in comparison, demonstrated more stability and was concentrated in PCV3a-IM. • Conclusions: In conclusion, this study provides the latest investigative and analytical data on the epidemiological characteristics and genetic evolution of PRRSV, PCV2, and PCV3 in Guangdong Province, emphasizing their significant practical implications for disease prevention and control.

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“…Subsequently, NADC34-like viruses were detected in Peru in 2015 [23] and in China in 2017 [24]. Since 2020, the NADC34-like PRRSVs have rapidly become prevalent in China [17,[25][26][27][28][29]. Te PRRSV strains circulating in Korea are mostly NADC30-like strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Identification and Genomic Characterization of NADC34-Like PRRSV Strains Isolated from MLV-Vaccinated Pigs in Korea

Kim

Moon

et al. 2023

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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NADC34-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses (PRRSVs) are emerging globally. Although lineage 1 PRRSVs are emerging in Korea, NADC34-like PRRSV strains have not been detected to date. This study reports the isolation of the first NADC34-like PRRSV strains from samples of MLV-vaccinated animals on a Korean farm with a severe PRRS outbreak causing high mortality and abortion rates in July 2022. Three PRRSV strains with a whole genome length of 15,088 bp were isolated from the outbreaks, and their phylogenetic, recombination properties, and in vitro growth kinetics were evaluated comprehensively. These Korean strains clustered with those of American and Chinese sublineage 1.5 (NADC34-like strains), according to phylogenetic analyses based on the ORF5 gene and the whole genome. All three complete genome sequences originated from recombination between the RespPRRS MLV and NADC34-like strains, according to recombination analysis. Full-length Nsp2 sequence alignment indicated that all three isolates had a continuous deletion in 100 aa, which was similar to that of the IA/2014/NADC34. Based on phylogenetic analysis and the Nsp2 deletion pattern, the isolates are identified as NADC34-like PRRSV. Growth kinetic analysis based on primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) and MARC-145 cells has revealed that Korean NADC34-like PRRSV strains had better replication ability in primary PAMs than other Korean lineage 1 viruses or the reference strain VR2332, implying higher pathogenicity in pigs. Considering the fact that NADC34-like PRRSV strains were detected in MLV-vaccinated animals on a farm in the area of the highest pig population density in Korea, additional vaccine failure cases and the spread of the virus could be detected in the near future. Collectively, these results aid in comprehending the current epidemic state of PRRSVs in Korea and highlight the need for continuous surveillance.

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Recent advances in the study of NADC34-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in China

Cited by 17 publications

References 69 publications

Epidemiology and Genetic Characteristics of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in the Hunan and Hebei Provinces of China

Epidemiology and Genetic Characteristics of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in the Hunan and Hebei Provinces of China

Epidemiological Investigation and Bioinformatics Analysis of PRRSV, PCV2, and PCV3 in Guangdong Province, China

First Identification and Genomic Characterization of NADC34-Like PRRSV Strains Isolated from MLV-Vaccinated Pigs in Korea

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