Recent advances in the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis

Abstract

Introduction: There are several techniques used worldwide to diagnose toxoplasmosis gondii and with the passage of time and technological advances, new tests have been perfected and created, in order to have immediate results and with greater diagnostic reliability. Objective: to determine the diagnostic techniques used to detect Toxoplasma gondii infection, highlighting those that are applied most regularly, their effectiveness, limitations and possible improvements. Method: A descriptive bibliographic review was developed, based on information contained in studies obtained in databases: Scielo, bvs and PubMed. The study selection process was carried out with the flow chart suggested by the PRISMA 2020 statement. Results: As a result, a total of 11 articles were included with a sample size that varied from a minimum of 67 in a study carried out in Buenos Aires to a maximum of 7579 in a study carried out in Africa. Conclusions: The greatest advance that exists regarding the techniques to diagnose toxoplasma is PCR in amniotic fluid, since its sensitivity is 97%, in relation to conventional techniques.