Recent Advances in the Cellular and Developmental Biology of Phospholipases in Plants

Takáč, Tomáš; Novák, Dominik; Šamaj, Jozef

doi:10.3389/fpls.2019.00362

Cited by 51 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 125 publications

(194 reference statements)

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“…The first route is accomplished in a two-step enzymatic process that involves the generation of diacylglycerol (DAG) from inositol phospholipids catalyzed by PLC, followed by the production of PA through the phosphorylation of DAG by DGK [ 73 , 74 ]. In the other route, PA can be formed directly through the hydrolysis of structural phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine by PLD, mostly contributing to the formation of this molecule [ 1 , 73 , 74 , 75 ]. The signal is attenuated by the action of PA phosphatase or by the conversion of PA into DAG pyrophosphate (DGPP) by PA kinase [ 76 ].…”

Section: Association Between Phosphoinositide Lipid Second Messengmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phospholipid Signaling Is a Component of the Salicylic Acid Response in Plant Cell Suspension Cultures

Rodas-Junco

Nic-Can

Muñoz-Sánchez

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Salicylic acid (SA) is an important signaling molecule involved in plant defense. While many proteins play essential roles in SA signaling, increasing evidence shows that responses to SA appear to involve and require lipid signals. The phospholipid-generated signal transduction involves a family of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis or phosphorylation of phospholipids in membranes to generate signaling molecules, which are important in the plant cellular response. In this review, we focus first, the role of SA as a mitigator in biotic/abiotic stress. Later, we describe the experimental evidence supporting the phospholipid–SA connection in plant cells, emphasizing the roles of the secondary lipid messengers (phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and phosphatidic acid (PA)) and related enzymes (phospholipase D (PLD) and phospholipase C (PLC)). By placing these recent finding in context of phospholipids and SA in plant cells, we highlight the role of phospholipids as modulators in the early steps of SA triggered transduction in plant cells.

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Section: Association Between Phosphoinositide Lipid Second Messengmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phospholipid Signaling Is a Component of the Salicylic Acid Response in Plant Cell Suspension Cultures

Rodas-Junco

Nic-Can

Muñoz-Sánchez

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Phospholipases are phospholipid-hydrolyzing enzymes and are classified into three groups, A, C and D, based on their catalytic activity. Phospholipase A (PLA) hydrolyzes phospholipids to produce lysophospholipids (LPL); Phospholipase C (PLC) cleaves the glycerophosphate bond in phospholipids to generate diacylglycerol (DAG); and Phospholipase D (PLD) degrades phospholipids to yield phosphatidic acid (PA) [3]. PLD has been well-known for its multi-disciplinary functions in plant growth and development [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutations of OsPLDa1 Increase Lysophospholipid Content and Enhance Cooking and Eating Quality in Rice

Khan

Basnet

Ahmed

et al. 2020

Plants

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Phospholipids belong to a significant class of lipids and comprise~10% of total lipids in rice grains. Lysophospholipid (LPL) is derived from the hydrolysis of phospholipids and plays an important role in rice grain quality. Our previous study demonstrated that mutations in a phospholipase D gene (OsPLDα1) significantly altered lipid metabolites and reduced phytic acid content. In the present study, the effect of two ospldα1 mutations on LPL and other physicochemical prosperities of brown rice was further investigated, with the aim of assessing the overall importance of ospldα1 mutations in rice grain quality. Metabolite profiling revealed a~15% increase in LPL level in both ospldα1 mutants as compared with their wild-type (WT) parent. Both ospldα1 mutations significantly lowered the apparent amylose content in brown rice flour (~1.9%) and altered viscosity profiles with significantly increased breakdown (+12.4%) and significantly reduced setback viscosity (−6.2%). Moreover, both ospldα1 mutations significantly lowered the gelatinization onset, peak temperature and retrogradation percentage of brown rice flour. This study demonstrated that OsPLDα1 plays a crucial role in rice grain quality and its mutation could, in general, improve the cooking and eating quality and nourishment of brown rice.

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“…The phospholipase D (PLD) family of enzymes, which directly generate phosphatidic acid (PA) through the hydrolysis of structural phospholipids, plays a vital role in lipidbased signaling cascades in plants. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) has 12 genes that encode PLDs of six types (three genes for PLDa, two for PLDb, three for PLDg, one for PLDd and PLDe, and two for PLDz), and these types have distinguishable biochemical and regulatory properties (Zhang et al, 2003;Hong et al, 2016;Takáč et al, 2019). Considerable work has focused on the regulatory functions of PLD signaling pathways, which alter cellular and physiological processes in response to different stimuli, including abscisic acid, auxin, reactive oxygen species, and freezing (Zhang et al, 2003;Li et al, 2004;Bargmann and Munnik, 2006;Mishra et al, 2006;Guo et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secretion of Phospholipase Dδ Functions as a Regulatory Mechanism in Plant Innate Immunity

Xing

Wang

et al. 2019

Plant Cell

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Plant phospholipase Ds (PLDs), essential regulators of phospholipid signaling, function in multiple signal transduction cascades; however, the mechanisms regulating PLDs in response to pathogens remain unclear. Here, we found that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) PLDd accumulated in cells at the entry sites of the barley powdery mildew fungus, Blumeria graminis f. sp hordei. Using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and single-molecule analysis, we observed higher PLDd density in the plasma membrane after chitin treatment; PLDd also underwent rapid exocytosis. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer with fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy showed that the interaction between PLDd and the microdomain marker AtREMORIN1.3 (AtREM1.3) increased in response to chitin, indicating that exocytosis facilitates rapid, efficient sorting of PLDd into microdomains upon pathogen stimulus. We further unveiled a trade-off between brefeldin A (BFA)-resistant and-sensitive pathways in secretion of PLDd under diverse conditions. Upon pathogen attack, PLDd secretion involved syntaxin-associated VAMP721/722-mediated exocytosis sensitive to BFA. Analysis of phosphatidic acid (PA), hydrogen peroxide, and jasmonic acid (JA) levels and expression of related genes indicated that the relocalization of PLDd is crucial for its activation to produce PA and initiate reactive oxygen species and JA signaling pathways. Together, our findings revealed that the translocation of PLDd to papillae is modulated by exocytosis, thus triggering PA-mediated signaling in plant innate immunity.

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Recent Advances in the Cellular and Developmental Biology of Phospholipases in Plants

Cited by 51 publications

References 125 publications

Phospholipid Signaling Is a Component of the Salicylic Acid Response in Plant Cell Suspension Cultures

Phospholipid Signaling Is a Component of the Salicylic Acid Response in Plant Cell Suspension Cultures

Mutations of OsPLDa1 Increase Lysophospholipid Content and Enhance Cooking and Eating Quality in Rice

Secretion of Phospholipase Dδ Functions as a Regulatory Mechanism in Plant Innate Immunity

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