Recent Advances in Flexible and Stretchable Bio‐Electronic Devices Integrated with Nanomaterials

Choi, Suji; Lee, Hyunjae; Ghaffari, Roozbeh; Hyeon, Taeghwan; Kim, Dae‐Hyeong

doi:10.1002/adma.201504150

Cited by 958 publications

(679 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…This bi-axial elastic stretchability is more than ≈2 times larger than that achieved with buckled interconnects (60%). [35,36] The electroplated copper traces may have slightly different mechanical properties (e.g., yield strength) than those of the laser-milled samples. However, since the designed electroplated interconnects do not fracture during the testing, the effect of the difference in material properties is not discussed here.…”

Section: W εmentioning

confidence: 99%

In‐Plane Deformation Mechanics for Highly Stretchable Electronics

et al. 2016

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Stretchable electronics represents a relatively recent class of technology [1,2] of interest partly due to its potential for applications in sensory robotic skins, [3,4] conformal photovoltaic modules, [5,6] wearable communication devices, [7,8] skin-mounted monitors of physiological health, [9][10][11] advanced, soft surgical and clinical diagnostic tools, [11,12] and bioinspired digital cameras. [13,14] A key challenge in each of these systems is in the development of strategies in mechanics that simultaneously allow large levels of elastic stretchability and high areal coverages of active devices built with materials that are themselves not stretchable (e.g., conventional metals) and are, in some cases, highly brittle (e.g., inorganic semiconductors). For design approaches that embed stretchability in interconnect structures that join rigid device islands, the system level stretchability ε system is much smaller than the interconnect stretchability ε interconnect . Zhang et al. [15] identified the following relationship between the interconnect and system stretchability:, where f dev = (area of active device components)/(total area of the system) is the areal coverage ratio of active device components. Structure designs for stretchable interconnects have evolved from straight [13,16] to curvilinear interconnects, [17] from those bonded to or embedded in the supporting substrate [11,18] to free-standing designs housed in microfluidic enclosures, [19] and from simple structures [17] to fractal/self-similar designs. [15,[20][21][22] All such cases, including a broad variety of shapes, sizes, and geometric arrangements, share the same underlying mechanisms, i.e., out-of-plane buckling of thin structures (metals, insulators, or semiconductors with thickness typically between ≈100 nm and ≈1 µm) provides the basis for elastic stretchability. The most advanced interconnects achieve elastic (reversible)

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Section: W εmentioning

confidence: 99%

In‐Plane Deformation Mechanics for Highly Stretchable Electronics

et al. 2016

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“…Especially, the rapid advances in the design of various flexible sensors have tremendously broadened the scope of flexible electronics to new classes of soft electronic systems 4, 5. For example, the flexible pressure and temperature sensors can be proposed for deriving various applications including the skin‐like electronics (E‐Skin), robotics human–machine interfaces, and biomedical applications 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous Ionic Membrane Based Flexible Humidity Sensor and its Multifunctional Applications

Sun³

et al. 2017

Advanced Science

230

172

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A highly flexible porous ionic membrane (PIM) is fabricated from a polyvinyl alcohol/KOH polymer gel electrolyte, showing well‐defined 3D porous structure. The conductance of the PIM changes more than 70 times as the relative humidity (RH) increases from 10.89% to 81.75% with fast and reversible response at room temperature. In addition, the PIM‐based sensor is insensitive to temperature (0–95 °C) and pressure (0–6.8 kPa) change, which indicates that it can be used as highly selective flexible humidity sensor. A noncontact switch system containing PIM‐based sensor is assembled, and results show that the switch responds favorably to RH change caused by an approaching finger. Moreover, an attachable smart label using PIM‐based sensor is explored to measure the water contents of human skin, which shows a great linear relationship between the sensitivity of the sensor and the facial water contents measured by a commercial reference device.

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“…18, 19, 20, 21, 22. On the other hand, SMA actuators are of interest for medical rehabilitation particularly due to their material compatibility, small weight, and capability for voluntary movement 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 3D Printed Implantable Device for Voiding the Bladder Using Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) Actuators

et al. 2017

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Underactive bladder or detrusor underactivity (DU) is defined as a reduction of contraction strength or duration of the bladder wall. Despite the serious healthcare implications of DU, there are limited solutions for affected individuals. A flexible 3D printed implantable device driven by shape memory alloys (SMA) actuators is presented here for the first time to physically contract the bladder to restore voluntary control of the bladder for individuals suffering from DU. This approach is used initially in benchtop experiments with a rubber balloon acting as a model for the rat bladder to verify its potential for voiding, and that the operating temperatures are safe for the eventual implantation of the device in a rat. The device is then implanted and tested on an anesthetized rat, and a voiding volume of more than 8% is successfully achieved for the SMA‐based device without any surgical intervention or drug injection to relax the external sphincter.

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Recent Advances in Flexible and Stretchable Bio‐Electronic Devices Integrated with Nanomaterials

Cited by 958 publications

References 113 publications

In‐Plane Deformation Mechanics for Highly Stretchable Electronics

In‐Plane Deformation Mechanics for Highly Stretchable Electronics

Porous Ionic Membrane Based Flexible Humidity Sensor and its Multifunctional Applications

A 3D Printed Implantable Device for Voiding the Bladder Using Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) Actuators

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