Recent Advances in Brain Injury Research: A New Human Head Model Development and Validation

Zhang, Liying; Yang, King H.; Dwarampudi, Ramesh; Omori, Kiyoshi; Li, Tieliang; Chang, K; Hardy, Warren N.; Khalil, Tawfik B.; King, Albert I.

doi:10.4271/2001-22-0017

Cited by 206 publications

(195 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…An improved version of the Wayne State University (WSU) model has been published by Zhang et al [20]. A refined brain meshing was proposed (meshed in 314,500 elements) and the validation procedure showed realistic results for linear and rotational accelerations up to 200 g and 1,200 rad s −2 , respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite element modelling of human head injuries caused by a fall

et al. 2005

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Finite element models (FEMs) can be used as prediction tools for human head injuries caused by falls. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the relevance of using human head FEM to assess the possible mechanism for the origin of head injuries. The FEM of the human head used in this study was developed in the late 1990s at the University Louis Pasteur of Strasbourg (ULP) and has been validated for human head impacts for simulating human head injuries caused by car accidents. Its use in legal medicine appears to be very useful for comparing different injury mechanisms. We present the simulation obtained for two witnessed falls of the same individual, and compare our results to tolerance limits of the main human head injuries. We show that this tool can be used to discuss the possible mechanism of injury encountered for the observed lesions in a forensic case. It can also help to distinguish between possible and impossible human head injury mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite element modelling of human head injuries caused by a fall

et al. 2005

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“…Recently, the model was used to study minor traumatic brain injury sustained by American football players. This study by Zhang et al suggests that the intra-cranial pressure is largely a function of the translational acceleration of the head, while the maximum shear stress is more sensitive to rotational acceleration [11]. The aim of Zhang et al was to develop a FEM capable of simulating direct and indirect impacts over a wide range of impact severities.…”

Section: Finite-element Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). The totally revised model simulated all essential anatomical features of a 50th percentile male head, including the scalp, skull with an outer table, diploe, and inner table, dura, falx cerebri, tentorium, pia, sagittal sinus, transverse sinus, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), hemispheres of the cerebrum with distinct white and grey matter, cerebellum, brainstem, lateral ventricles, third [11] ventricles and bridging veins. Moreover, this model included a facial model simulating all essential anatomical features of the human face (14 facial bones).…”

Section: Finite-element Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite-element models of the human head and their applications in forensic practice

et al. 2008

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Since the 1960s, predictive human head impact indices have been developed to help the investigation of causation of human head injury. Finite-element models (FEM) can provide interesting tools for the forensic scientists when various human head injury mechanisms need to be evaluated. Human head FEMs are mainly used for car crash evaluations and are not in common use in forensic science. Recent technological progress has resulted in creating more simple tools, which will certainly help to consider the use of FEM in routine forensic practice in the coming years. This paper reviews the main FEMs developed and focuses on the models which can be used as predictive tools. Their possible applications in forensic medicine are discussed.

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“…As the study is qualitative, this was considered acceptable. Due to the relatively incompressible nature of brain matter (Zhang et al 2001), Herrmann type triangular elements were used (Herrmann 1965). These elements are formulated with a variational principal splitting the deviatoric and volumetric parts of the energy equation, and are well suited to large deformation problems (commonly used in the analysis of elastomers).…”

Section: Mesh Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This interface has been modelled in a variety of ways, mainly based on specific simplifying assumptions without detailed theoretical consideration. Partial validation has been achieved through the use of neutral density targets, which are implanted throughout cadaveric brains prior to testing with impact (Zhang et al 2001), but direct observation of this interface behaviour is yet to occur. Theoretical investigation of this interface is needed to support the validity of these common assumptions, and to investigate its behaviour under different loading regimes, including shaking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infant brain subjected to oscillatory loading: material differentiation, properties, and interface conditions

Couper

Albermani

2007

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

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Past research into brain injury biomechanics has focussed on short duration impulsive events as opposed to the oscillatory loadings associated with Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS). A series of 2D finite element models of an axial slice of the infant head were created to provide qualitative information on the behaviour of the brain during shaking. The test series explored variations in subarachnoid cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) representation, brain matter stiffness, dissipation, and nonlinearity, and differentiation of brain matter type. A new method of CSF modelling based on Reynolds lubrication theory was included to provide a more realistic brain-CSF interaction. The results indicate that solid CSF representation for this load regime misrepresents the phase lag of displacement, and that the volume of subarachnoid CSF, and inclusion of thickness variations due to gyri, are important to the resultant behavior. Stress concentrations in the deep brain are reduced by fluid redistribution and gyral contact, while inclusion of the pia mater significantly reduces cortex contact strains. These results provide direction for future modelling of SBS.

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Recent Advances in Brain Injury Research: A New Human Head Model Development and Validation

Cited by 206 publications

References 60 publications

Finite element modelling of human head injuries caused by a fall

Finite element modelling of human head injuries caused by a fall

Finite-element models of the human head and their applications in forensic practice

Infant brain subjected to oscillatory loading: material differentiation, properties, and interface conditions

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