Reassessment of feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) vaccines with novel sensitive molecular assays

Hofmann‐Lehmann, Regina; Tandon, Ravi; Boretti, Felicitas S; Meli, Marina L.; Willi, Barbara; Cattori, Valentino; Gomes-Keller, Maria Alice; Ossent, Pete; Golder, Matthew C.; Flynn, J.N.; Lutz, Hans

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.09.010

Cited by 68 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…A similar correlation was found by Tandon et al (2005). Consistent with other investigators, we identified 22 samples which had detectable, albeit low, viral DNA levels and undetectable viral RNA (Tandon et al, 2005;Gomes-Keller et al, 2006a;Gomes-Keller et al, 2006b;Hofmann-Lehmann et al, 2006). Several possible explanations for discordant RNA and DNA qPCR results exist.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Application of qPCR to detect FeLV DNA in conjunction with p27 capsid capture ELISA has resulted in diagnostic sensitivity of 100% Flynn et al, 2002;Tandon et al, 2005;Torres et al, 2005;Cattori et al, 2006;Gomes-Keller et al, 2006a;Gomes-Keller et al, 2006b;Hofmann-Lehmann et al, 2006). In addition we, and others, found animals in which viral DNA was detected in the absence of detectable antigenemia, demonstrating that qPCR sensitivity was greater than p27 ELISA and that viral DNA burden was an accurate predictor of FeLV infection outcome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

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Development and application of a quantitative real-time PCR assay to detect feline leukemia virus RNA

Torres¹,

O’Halloran²,

Larson³

et al. 2008

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

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We previously defined four categories of FeLV infection, designated as abortive, regressive, latent, and progressive. To determine if detectable viral DNA is transcriptionally active in the absence of antigenemia, we developed and validated a real-time viral RNA qPCR assay. This assay proved to be highly sensitive, specific, reproducible, and allowed reliable quantitation. We then applied this methodology, together with real-time DNA qPCR and p27 capsid antigen capture ELISA, to examine cats challenged with FeLV. We found that circulating viral RNA and DNA levels were highly correlated and the assays were almost in perfect agreement. This indicates that the vast majority of viral DNA is transcriptionally active, even in the absence of antigenemia. The real-time qPCR assays are more sensitive than the most commonly used FeLV diagnostic assay, the p27 capsid antigen capture ELISA. Application of qPCR assays may add greater depth in understanding of FeLV-host relationships.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Development and application of a quantitative real-time PCR assay to detect feline leukemia virus RNA

Torres¹,

O’Halloran²,

Larson³

et al. 2008

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

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“…The disease outcome in infected cats is usually defined according to the presence of provirus and viral antigen in the blood (6)(7)(8). However, it is highly unpredictable because it is dependent on factors like the virus subtype (9) and the age (10) and the general condition of the cat.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Antibodies to the Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) Transmembrane Protein p15E: an Alternative Approach for Serological FeLV Detection Based on Antibodies to p15E

et al. 2014

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The aim of this report was to investigate whether the diagnosis of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection by serology might be feasible and useful. Among the various viral proteins, the FeLV env-gene product (SU) and the envelope transmembrane protein p15E were considered promising candidates for the serological diagnosis of FeLV infection. Thus, we evaluated p15E and three other FeLV antigens, namely, a recombinant env-gene product, whole FeLV, and a short peptide from the FeLV transmembrane protein, for their potential to detect FeLV infection. To evaluate possible exposure of cats to FeLV, we tested serum and plasma samples from experimentally and naturally infected and vaccinated cats for the presence of antibodies to these antigens by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). The serological results were compared with the p27 and proviral real-time PCR results. We found that p15E displayed a diagnostic sensitivity of 95.7% and a specificity of 100% in experimentally infected cats. In naturally infected cats, p15E showed a diagnostic sensitivity of 77.1% and a specificity of 85.6%. Vaccinated cats displayed minimal antibody levels to p15E, suggesting that anti-p15E antibodies indicate infection rather than vaccination. The other antigens turned out to be too unspecific. The lower specificity in cats exposed to FeLV under field conditions may be explained by the fact that some cats become infected and seroconvert in the absence of detectable viral nucleic acids in plasma. We conclude that p15E serology may become a valuable tool for diagnosing FeLV infection; in some cases, it may replace PCR.

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“…A comparative study [1][2][3][4][5] is an example giving hope for vaccines against other retroviral infections including HIV-1. FeLV causes leukemia, lymphoma and opportunistic infections on the basis of a severe immunodeficiency induced by the virus.…”

Section: Immunising With the Transmembrane Envelope Proteins Of Diffementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately all FeLV based vaccines do not induce sterilizing immunity, but prevent from antigenemia and prevent the outbreak of the disease. 4,6 Immunisation with a combination of the surface envelope (SU) protein and the transmembrane envelope (TM) protein of FeLV increased the titer of neutralizing antibodies, but also did not induce sterilizing immunity. 6,7 There is also need for a vaccine against the Koala retrovirus.…”

Section: Immunising With the Transmembrane Envelope Proteins Of Diffementioning

confidence: 99%

Immunising with the transmembrane envelope proteins of different retroviruses including HIV-1

Denner

2013

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Reassessment of feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) vaccines with novel sensitive molecular assays

Cited by 68 publications

References 28 publications

Development and application of a quantitative real-time PCR assay to detect feline leukemia virus RNA

Development and application of a quantitative real-time PCR assay to detect feline leukemia virus RNA

Detection of Antibodies to the Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) Transmembrane Protein p15E: an Alternative Approach for Serological FeLV Detection Based on Antibodies to p15E

Immunising with the transmembrane envelope proteins of different retroviruses including HIV-1

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