Rearrangement of duplicated DNA in specialized cells of Neurospora

Selker, Eric U.; Cambareri, Edward B.; Jensen, Bryan C.; Haack, Kenneth R.

doi:10.1016/0092-8674(87)90097-3

Cited by 360 publications

(239 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Generation of the mus-43 and mus-44 mutants and their sensitivity to mutagens In order to characterize the mus-43 and mus-44 genes, we generated mus-43 and mus-44 mutants by RIP, in which duplicated sequences are disrupted by GC to AT transitions during the dikaryotic stage preceding meiosis (Selker et al, 1987). Neither mutant exhibited any defects during vegetative growth, conidiation, or sporulation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pT7Blue AccepTor Vector (Novagen) was used as a vector for T-cloning of PCR products. Plasmid pCB1003 (Carroll et al, 1994), carrying the Escherichia coli hygromycin B resistance gene driven by the Aspergillus (Selker et al, 1987). For the induction of RIP, the genes of interest were first duplicated in N. crassa by introducing an additional copy into a wild-type strain.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic analysis of the Neurospora crassa RAD14 homolog mus-43 and the RAD10 homolog mus-44 reveals that they belong to the mus-38 pathway of two nucleotide excision repair systems

et al. 2008

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Genetic analysis of the Neurospora crassa RAD14 homolog mus-43 and the RAD10 homolog mus-44 reveals that they belong to the mus-38 pathway of two nucleotide excision repair systemsMasahito Sato, Takaharu Niki, Takeru Tokou, Kouhei Suzuki, Makoto Fujimura and Akihiko Ichiishi * Sciences, Toyo University, Itakura, Oura-gun, Gunma 374-0193, Japan (Received 30 October 2007, accepted 19 November 2007 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad14 and Rad10 proteins are essential for nucleotide excision repair (NER). Rad14 is a UV-damaged DNA binding protein and Rad10 is a structure-specific endonuclease that functions in a complex with Rad1. In this study, we identified and characterized the RAD14 and RAD10 homolog genes in Neurospora crassa, which we named mus-43 and mus-44, respectively. Disruption of mus-43 and mus-44 conferred sensitivity to UV and 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide, but not to methyl methanesulfonate, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, camptothecin, hydroxyurea, or bleomycin. The mus-44 mutant was more sensitive to UV than the mus-43 mutant. Genetic analysis indicated that mus-43 and mus-44 are epistatic to mus-38 which is a homolog of the S. cerevisiae RAD1, but not to mus-18 which belongs to a second excision repair pathway. Immunological assays demonstrated that both mus-43 and mus-44 retained the ability to excise UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts, but that excision ability was completely abolished in the mus-43 mus-18 and mus-44 mus-18 double mutants. These double mutants exhibited extremely high sensitivity to UV. In mus-43 and mus-44 mutants, the UV-induced mutation frequency increased compared to that of the wild-type. The mus-44 mutants also exhibited a partial photoreactivation defect phenotype similar to mus-38. These results suggest that both mus-43 and mus-44 function in the mus-38 NER pathway, but not in the mus-18 excision repair pathway. Faculty of Life

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis of the Neurospora crassa RAD14 homolog mus-43 and the RAD10 homolog mus-44 reveals that they belong to the mus-38 pathway of two nucleotide excision repair systems

et al. 2008

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“…The first approach was based on the observation that in filamentous fungi closely linked duplicated sequences can recombine when the fungi pass through the sexual phase of their life cycle and as a result of this recombination one copy of the duplicated sequence can be deleted in meiotic progeny Miller et al, 1986;Selker et al, 1987). We exploited this phenomenon to generate a trichotheceneproducing, meiotic progeny with a wild-type Tvi5 from a disruption mutant that had two closely linked, mutated copies of the TriS coding region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoration of wild-type virulence to Tri5 disruption mutants of Gibberella zeae via gene reversion and mutant complementation

1997

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Gibberella zeae is a pathogen of small grain crops and produces trichothecene mycotoxins in infected host tissue. The role of trichothecenes in the virulence of G. zeae was previously investigated using trichothecene-non-producing mutants that were generated via transformation-mediated disruption of a gene (Tris) that encodes the first enzyme in the trichothecene biosynthetic pathway. The mutants were less virulent on some hosts than the wild-type strain from which they were derived. Here, we used two approaches to determine whether the reduced virulence of mutants was due specifically to Tri5 disruption or to non-target effects caused by the transformation process. First, we generated a revertant from a Tri5 disruption mutant by allowing the mutant to pass through the sexual phase of its life cycle. In approximately 2% of the resulting progeny the disrupted Tri5 had reverted to wild-type; however, only one of three revertant progeny also regained the ability to produce trichothecenes. In the second approach, we complemented the Tri5 mutation in a disruption mutant by transforming the mutant with a plasmid carrying a functional copy of TriS. In all transformants examined, the ability to produce trichothecenes was restored. The restoration of trichothecene production in the revertant progeny and in the complemented mutant was accompanied by restoration of wild-type or near wild-type levels of virulence on wheat seedlings (cultivar Wheaton). The results indicate that the reduced virulence of the mutants was caused by disruption of Tri5 rather than nontarget effects resulting from the transformation process. The results also provide further evidence that trichothecenes contribute to the virulence of plant-pathogenic fungi.

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“…As sub-telomers are proposed to be 'a workshop of evolutionary genomic experimentation' (Wong and Wolfe 2005), it has been suggested that the elaborate nature of the cluster in question may be accounted for by its location in such a rapidly evolving region of the endophytic genome (Gardner et al 2002;Kellis et al 2003;Machida et al 2005;Nierman et al 2005), and consequently driven by recombination and mutational processes associated with Type I transposon elements (Kempken and Ku¨ck 1998) combined with the phenomenon of repeat induced point mutation (RIP) (Selker et al 1987).…”

Section: Lolitremsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytes: exploiting biodiversity for the improvement of natural product-based drug discovery

Staniek

Woerdenbag

Kayser

2008

Journal of Plant Interactions

130

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Endophytes, microorganisms that colonize internal tissues of all plant species, create a huge biodiversity with yet unknown novel natural products, presumed to push forward the frontiers of drug discovery. Next to the clinically acknowledged antineoplastic agent, paclitaxel, endophyte research has yielded potential drug lead compounds with antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, insulin mimetic, anti-neurodegenerative and immunosuppressant properties. Furthermore, while being implicated in livestock neurotoxicosis, some endophyte-produced alkaloids have been shown to display insecticidal activity. The endophyte-host relationship is postulated to be a 'balanced antagonism'. Moreover, the plausibility of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) hypothesis is taken into account. Knowledge of the genetic background of endophytic natural product biosynthesis is discussed on the basis of loline alkaloids, ergopeptines, lolitrems and maytansinoids. The current dynamic progress in genomics will contribute to a better understanding of endophytic microbes and to further exploiting them as a source of pharmaceutically relevant compounds.

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Rearrangement of duplicated DNA in specialized cells of Neurospora

Cited by 360 publications

References 13 publications

Genetic analysis of the Neurospora crassa RAD14 homolog mus-43 and the RAD10 homolog mus-44 reveals that they belong to the mus-38 pathway of two nucleotide excision repair systems

Genetic analysis of the Neurospora crassa RAD14 homolog mus-43 and the RAD10 homolog mus-44 reveals that they belong to the mus-38 pathway of two nucleotide excision repair systems

Restoration of wild-type virulence to Tri5 disruption mutants of Gibberella zeae via gene reversion and mutant complementation

Endophytes: exploiting biodiversity for the improvement of natural product-based drug discovery

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