Real-Time Implementation of an Expert Model Predictive Controller in a Pilot-Scale Reverse Osmosis Plant for Brackish and Seawater Desalination

Abstract

This article addresses the design and real-time implementation of an expert model predictive controller (Expert MPC) for the control of the brackish and seawater desalination process in a pilot-scale reverse osmosis (RO) plant. This pilot-scale plant is used in order to obtain the optimal operation conditions of the RO desalination process through the implementation of different control strategies, as well as in the training of operators in the new control and management technologies. A dynamical mathematical model of this plant has been developed based on the available field data and system identification procedures. Predictions of the obtained model were in good agreement with the available field data. The designed Expert MPC is distinguished by having a plant identification block and an expert system. The expert system, using a rule-based approach and the evolution of the plant variables, can modify the plant identification block, the plant prediction model, and/or the optimizer in order to improve the performance, robustness and operational safety of the overall control system. The real-time comparison results of the designed Expert MPC and a well-designed model predictive controller (MPC) show that the proposed Expert MPC has a significantly better performance and, therefore, higher accuracy and robustness.

A Review of CFD Modelling and Performance Metrics for Osmotic Membrane Processes

“…Nonetheless, RO is an energy-intensive process and reduction of energy consumption remains one of the main research priorities to date [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Numerous studies have been conducted to attempt to reduce the energy consumption of RO processes, and they can be classified into: (1) developing ultra-high permeance membrane using advanced materials, e.g., graphene oxide (GO) membranes [ 26 , 27 ]; (2) using highly efficient energy recovery devices [ 28 ]; (3) using optimisation-based control systems [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]; and (4) optimising design of RO systems [ 32 , 33 ]. Despite these efforts, advances in reduction of energy consumption have almost plateaued.…”

Distributed Fault Detection and Isolation Approach for Oil Pipelines

“…The mathematical modeling of the processes involved is needed for the design of distributed fault detection and isolation systems [8,9]. This mathematical modeling may differ in complexity depending on the intended applications; see, for example, [40][41][42][43][44]. In general, the oil flow within a pipe is governed by the fundamental laws of mechanics and thermodynamics and constitutes a fluid flow system [4,45].…”

Design of a Robust H2 State Feedback Temperature Controller for a Steel Slab Reheating Furnace

“…The controllers used for the control of the heating temperature in this slab reheating furnaces are the well-known PI/PID controller, which does not ensure the effective control of industrial processes characterized by a difficult dynamic behavior [31][32][33].…”