Reading between the lines: revealing cryptic species diversity and colour patterns in Hypselodoris nudibranchs (Mollusca: Heterobranchia: Chromodorididae)

Epstein, Hannah E.; Hallas, Joshua M.; Johnson, Rebecca F.; López, Alessandra; Gosliner, Terrence M.

doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zly048

Cited by 1,287 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…However, confirmation of the identification of this individual would require specimens and possibly molecular analyses. One member of the newly described species H. cerisae ( Figure 13H) [27] was collected in front of Coral Eye, and molecular analyses verified the identification based on 99% similarity of our specimen with the sequence of H. cerisae CASIZ 178350 deposited in NCBI. Our specimen is pale brown with some purple pigment concentrated at the anterior mantle and foot margin; white dots are aligned on three longitudinal brown lines on the notum; brownish diagonal lines are present on the posterior foot; there are nine gill branches.…”

Section: Pleurobranchida (Two Species In One Genus Belonging To One Fsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Each collected specimen was documented with an Olympus TG5 under water (when possible) and additionally in the laboratory, provided with a unique identifier (abbreviation of name, year, location, and number of specimen), and preliminarily identified with the help of available literature (e.g., [3][4][5]11,15,16,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]). Gosliner et al [24] depict many undescribed species.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Externally, H. decorata ( Figure 14A) is very similar to H. maculosa ( Figure 14E). According to recent studies [27], they are closely related and form a clade with H. juniperae. H. decorata can be distinguished from H. maculosa by the three reddish rhinophoral bands, versus only two reddish rings.…”

Section: Pleurobranchida (Two Species In One Genus Belonging To One Fmentioning

confidence: 97%

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First Study on Marine Heterobranchia (Gastropoda, Mollusca) in Bangka Archipelago, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

et al. 2020

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As ephemeral, benthic, secondary consumers usually associated with sessile coral reef organisms, marine heterobranchs are good indicators of the health of marine tropical habitats. Thus, marine Heterobranchia have recently become a major target for monitoring programs. For this work, an extensive survey was made in Bangka Archipelago, the first of its kind in this area. Bangka Archipelago is composed of small islands and the adjacent coastline of North Sulawesi. The substrate is dominated by biogenic reefs and volcanic rocks, thus forming highly diverse habitats. In total, 149 species were collected and/or photo-documented in September 2017 and September 2018, which represents the dry season. They can be assigned to the Cephalaspidea, Aplysiida, Pleurobranchida, Nudibranchia, and Eupulmonata. Thirty-three species are new to science, highlighting the lack of knowledge about the group and especially about this region. Our data provide a baseline for future monitoring surveys, as the anthropogenic pressures on Bangka Archipelago are increasing due to enhanced touristic activities, but also due to large scale environmental changes caused by previous mining operation activities.

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Section: Pleurobranchida (Two Species In One Genus Belonging To One Fsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pleurobranchida (Two Species In One Genus Belonging To One Fmentioning

confidence: 97%

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First Study on Marine Heterobranchia (Gastropoda, Mollusca) in Bangka Archipelago, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

et al. 2020

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“…Therefore, our animals are tentatively assigned to this species, although they group within different clades (unpublished data; see also Stoffels et al [68]). Color variation and mimicry appear quite common in Chromodorididae (e.g., Cheney et al [59], Padula et al [60], Layton et al [61], Johnson and Gosliner [62], Epstein et al [76]). Thus, identification only by color might lead to errors, and therefore we barcoded these taxa to verify identification by including sequences from our Phyllidiidae show the highest dominance (three genera represented by 11 species, with 205 specimens) in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Survey of Heterobranch Sea Slugs (Mollusca, Gastropoda) from the Island Sangihe, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

et al. 2019

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Indonesia is famous for its underwater biodiversity, which attracts many tourists, especially divers. This is also true for Sangihe Islands Regency, an area composed of several islands in the northern part of North Sulawesi. However, Sangihe Islands Regency is much less known than, e.g., Bunaken National Park (BNP, North Sulawesi). The main island, Sangihe, has recently experienced an increase in tourism and mining activities with potentially high impact on the environment. Recently, monitoring projects began around BNP using marine Heterobranchia as indicators for coral reef health. No information about this taxon exists from the remote islands in North Sulawesi. The present study represents the first monitoring study ever and focuses on marine Heterobranchia around Sangihe. In total, 250 specimens were collected, which could be assigned to Sacoglossa (3), Anthobranchia (19), and Cladobranchia (1). Despite the low number (23 versus 172 in BNP), at least eight species (35%) are not recorded from BNP, probably indicating differences in habitat, but also influence of a strong El Niño year in 2016. Here we also report for the first time a Chromodoris annae specimen mimicking C. elisabethina, and the discovery of a new Phyllidia species.

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“…The taxon Hypselodoris has undergone changes in species affiliation in the last decade by new morphological and molecular analyses [31,32]. Nearly nothing is known about color variation during ontogeny, rendering identification of small specimens more difficult.…”

Section: Sacoglossa (16 Species In Four Genera Belonging To Three Fammentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Heterobranchia (Gastropoda, Mollusca) in Bunaken National Park, North Sulawesi, Indonesia—A Follow-Up Diversity Study

et al. 2018

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Bunaken National Park has been surveyed for a fourth time in 14 years, in an attempt to establish the species composition of heterobranch sea slugs in a baseline study for monitoring programs and protection of this special park. These molluscs are potentially good indicators of the health of an ecosystem, as many are species-specific predators on a huge variety of marine benthic and sessile invertebrates from almost every taxonomic group. Additionally, they are known to contain bio-compounds of significance in the pharmaceutical industry. It is therefore of paramount importance not only to document the species composition from a zoogeographic point of view, but to assist in their protection for the future, both in terms of economics and aesthetics. These four surveys have documented more than 200 species, with an approximate 50% of each collection found only on that survey and not re-collected. Many species new to science have also been documented, highlighting the lack of knowledge in this field.

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Reading between the lines: revealing cryptic species diversity and colour patterns in Hypselodoris nudibranchs (Mollusca: Heterobranchia: Chromodorididae)

Cited by 1,287 publications

References 51 publications

First Study on Marine Heterobranchia (Gastropoda, Mollusca) in Bangka Archipelago, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

First Study on Marine Heterobranchia (Gastropoda, Mollusca) in Bangka Archipelago, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

First Survey of Heterobranch Sea Slugs (Mollusca, Gastropoda) from the Island Sangihe, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

Marine Heterobranchia (Gastropoda, Mollusca) in Bunaken National Park, North Sulawesi, Indonesia—A Follow-Up Diversity Study

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