Reactive processing of <scp>PA6</scp>/<scp>EPDM‐MA</scp> blends as modifier for application and development of high‐performance polypropylene

Luna, Carlos Bruno Barreto; Siqueira, Danilo Diniz; Ferreira, Eduardo da Silva Barbosa; Araújo, Edcleide Maria; Wellen, Renate Maria Ramos

doi:10.1002/vnl.21846

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Figure 5 shows the XRD diffractograms of neat PA6, PA6/SEBS-MA blend, Ni-Zn and Ni-Zn-C ferrites, and magnetic nanocomposites. It was found that neat PA6 presented a single intense peak around 2θ = 21 , indicating the predominant presence of α phase 55,56 and corroborating the FTIR results. According to the literature, 57 PA6 exhibits two dominant crystalline forms, called α and γ.…”

Section: X-ray Diffractionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Preparation of flexible and magnetic PA6/SEBS‐MA nanocomposites reinforced with Ni‐Zn ferrite

et al. 2021

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Magnetic and flexible nanocomposites of polyamide 6 (PA6)/styrene-(ethylene-butylene)-styrene grafted with maleic anhydride (SEBS-MA) were prepared using Ni-Zn ferrite synthesized by combustion reaction. Thermal treatment was applied to the Ni-Zn ferrite to form a more crystalline phase.The nanocomposites were processed in an internal mixer and later injection molded. The materials were characterized by torque rheometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Izod impact strength, tensile strength, magnetic measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), heat deflection temperature (HDT), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Ferrite calcination led to a higher degree of crystallinity and nanocomposites with a higher number of crystalline peaks. This favored a higher saturation magnetization. The magnetic hysteresis curves of the nanocomposites indicated a ferrimagnetic behavior. The impact strength and elongation at break increased significantly compared to neat PA6, suggesting the formation of flexible and magnetic nanocomposites. This behavior was ascribed to a chemical reaction between the terminal amine groups of PA6 and the maleic anhydride of SEBS-MA, confirmed by FTIR and torque rheometry. Neat PA6 and the nanocomposites showed similar thermogravimetric, HDT, melting temperature, and crystallization properties. SEM results showed that the dispersed ferrite tends to form agglomerates, especially if calcined. In general, the addition of the non-calcined Ni-Zn ferrite to the PA6 matrix improved the mechanical properties. Conversely, the calcination of ferrite tended to improve the magnetic behavior of the nanocomposites.

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Section: X-ray Diffractionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Preparation of flexible and magnetic PA6/SEBS‐MA nanocomposites reinforced with Ni‐Zn ferrite

et al. 2021

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“…PA6 and its blends showed rapid water absorption kinetics at the beginning of the experiment. The high water absorption is attributed to the hydrophilic nature of the amide groups, which favors hydrogen bonds with water [ 65 , 66 ]. After 600 h, the curve undergoes a smooth change in slope, reaching a linear and stable level.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Small Amounts of ABS and ABS-MA on PA6 Properties: Evaluation of Torque Rheometry, Mechanical, Thermomechanical, Thermal, Morphological, and Water Absorption Kinetics Characteristics

et al. 2022

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In this work, polyamide 6 (PA6) properties were tailored and improved using a maleic anhydride-grafted acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer (ABS-MA). The PA6/ABS-MA blends were prepared using a co-rotational twin-screw extruder. Subsequently, the extruded pellets were injection-molded. Blends were characterized by torque rheometry, the Molau test, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), impact strength, tensile strength, Heat Deflection Temperature (HDT), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetry (TG), Contact Angle, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and water absorption experiments. The most significant balance of properties, within the analyzed content range (5, 7.5, and 10 wt.%), was obtained for the PA6/ABS-MA (10%) blend, indicating that even low concentrations of ABS-MA can improve the properties of PA6. Significant increases in impact strength and elongation at break have been achieved compared with PA6. The elastic modulus, tensile strength, HDT, and thermal stability properties of the PA6/ABS-MA blends remained at high levels, indicating that maleic anhydride interacted with amine end-groups of PA6. Torque rheometry, the Molau test, and SEM analysis suggested interactions in the PA6/ABS-MA system, confirming the high properties obtained. Additionally, there was a decrease in water absorption and the diffusion coefficient of the PA6/ABS-MA blends, corroborating the contact angle analysis.

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“…Therefore, the crystals began to melt prematurely, reinforcing the suggestion of smaller or less perfect crystals. [86] Figure 14A,B presents the crystallization rate and relative crystallinity of BioPE and its biocomposites, respectively. In general, the biocomposites exhibited a higher crystallization rate, that is, the crystals crystallize quicker when compared to neat BioPE.…”

Section: Differential Scanning Calorimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biopolyethylene/Morinda citrifolia cellulosic biocomposites: The impact of chemical crosslinking and PE‐g‐MA compatibilizer

et al. 2021

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The development of new ecological materials to promote sustainability is being encouraged. Crosslinked biopolyethylene (BioPE)/noni flour (Morinda citrifolia) biocomposites were prepared using maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene (PE-g-MA) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP). The biocomposites were processed in an internal mixer and injection molded. Torque rheometry, Izod impact strength, tensile strength, heat deflection temperature (HDT), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) properties were investigated. Torque rheometry curves suggest that the biocomposites did crosslink due to the DCP attack on the BioPE chain. The BioPE/noni flour/PE-g-MA formulation with 0.5% and 1% DCP produced a higher level of crosslinking. As a result, the mechanical properties (impact strength, elastic modulus, and tensile strength) were improved. SEM showed fractured noni flour particles in the BioPE matrix with the formation of a tubular structure. The HDT increased, suggesting that the biocomposites exhibit enhanced thermomechanical strength. Furthermore, the biocomposites thermal properties obtained by DSC underwent few modifications. The TG results showed that the crosslinked biocomposites have better thermal stability than the noncrosslinked biocomposites. The crosslinking process of BioPE/noni flour biocomposites with the PE-g-MA/DCP hybrid is an effective way to improve the performance of these materials.

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Reactive processing of PA6/EPDM‐MA blends as modifier for application and development of high‐performance polypropylene

Cited by 23 publications

References 85 publications

Preparation of flexible and magnetic PA6/SEBS‐MA nanocomposites reinforced with Ni‐Zn ferrite

Preparation of flexible and magnetic PA6/SEBS‐MA nanocomposites reinforced with Ni‐Zn ferrite

Influence of Small Amounts of ABS and ABS-MA on PA6 Properties: Evaluation of Torque Rheometry, Mechanical, Thermomechanical, Thermal, Morphological, and Water Absorption Kinetics Characteristics

Biopolyethylene/Morinda citrifolia cellulosic biocomposites: The impact of chemical crosslinking and PE‐g‐MA compatibilizer

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