“…2,[7][8][9][10] Modern red pigment alternatives such as cadmium selenide (cadmium red), ferric hydrate (sienna/red ochre), and organic vegetable dyes such as brazilwood and sandalwood are still causing red dye hypersensitivities.…”
Section: Tattoo Hypersensitivity and Systemic Sarcoidosis 315mentioning
“…2,[7][8][9][10] Modern red pigment alternatives such as cadmium selenide (cadmium red), ferric hydrate (sienna/red ochre), and organic vegetable dyes such as brazilwood and sandalwood are still causing red dye hypersensitivities.…”
Section: Tattoo Hypersensitivity and Systemic Sarcoidosis 315mentioning
“…The existence of discoid lupus erythematosus in tattoos has been reported by Hall (1943), Madden (1949), Rook & Thomas (1951), and Lubeck & Epstein (1952). The lesion in the case reported by Madden has some histologic resemblance to the lesions in our cases, but the facial lesions were clearly typical of lupus erythematosus.…”
Two patients with an inflammatory reaction in a red tattoo had histopathologic changes of lichen planus. The lesions demonstrated a lymphocytic bandlike infiltrate, liquefaction degeneration, acanthosis, hypergranulosis, and orthokeratosis and many hyaline bodies. Metal particles were observed in the region of the dermal-epidermal reaction. This probably is another example of the lichenoid reaction produced by delayed cellular hypersensitivity.
“…Patients may initially report an "irritation" on the tattoo (4-6). CLE on tattoos may be isolated (4,14), precede (8,12), or be associated with other CLE lesions (5,6), or it may appear secondarily on the tattoo (7,11,13). The clinical aspect most often remains typical with erythematous, papular, or patchy pruritic lesions with follicular dilations and keratotic plugs on the surface.…”
The Koebner phenomenon is associated with cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). A 20-year-old woman with a 10-year history of systemic lupus, treated with hydroxychloroquine and methotrexate, presented with features of chronic discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) on the scalp, at the site of ear piercings, and on the temporal bone at the site of trauma from her jewelry. She also had subacute CLE (SCLE) lesions on old black tattoos. Histology and direct immunofluorescence confirmed CLE. We reviewed 13 cases of Koebner phenomenon on tattoos in patients with CLE (seven men, median age: 31.5 years) and none after piercings. Lesions developed within 1 week to 16 years after tattooing. Lesions may be isolated, precede, or be associated with other CLE lesions. They can appear secondarily on the tattoo. There is no specific color affinity, but cases have shifted from red to black, possibly when mercury was withdrawn from red inks. CLE on tattoos is a rare phenomenon that more often presents with DLE features than SCLE. Patients should be warned of the potential risk of developing lesions on tattoos. Immunosuppressive treatment needs to be taken into account if a patient wishes to get a tattoo. However, tattooing is not associated with severe complications.
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