Reaction rate for carbon burning in massive stars

Status on $$^{\mathbf {12}}\mathbf {C}+{}^{\mathbf {12}}{\mathbf {C}}$$ fusion at deep subbarrier energies: impact of resonances on astrophysical $$S^{*}$$ factors

“…The Argonne results [7] appear to be in a qualitative agreement with classical coupled-channel CC-M3Y+Rep calculations in [10], TDWP calculations of [11], the barrier penetration model of [12] and more recent theoretical investigations in [13]. Based on Fig.…”

“…In Fig 2 is shown a comparison of the direct data from [5] and [7] and indirect THM data [8] in the energy interval 2.1 − 2.7 MeV. However, such a flat oscillatory behavior of the THM S * factor at higher energies does not agree with the predictions obtained from the THM mechanism with the Coulomb-nuclear distortions [20] (see more detailed discussion in Section III).…”

“…The resonance at 2.14 MeV observed in [5] is 1.87σ higher than the upper limit. [2][3][4][5][6][7] shown as red rectangle, green dots, magenta diamonds, blue triangles and brown stars, respectively. Model calculations, CC-M3Y+Rep (thick dark red) [10], TDWP (light blue) [11], SPP (oragen) [12] and hindrance (blue dashed) [18] are also shown, respectively.…”

“…Then, based on the data shown in Fig. 2 we calculated the χ 2 test of the indirect THM [8] and direct data from [5,7] taking into account 19 points in the energy interval between E = 2.16 and 2.7 MeV. The uncertainty of the THM data is ±21% (see caption to Fig.…”

“…An extensive scientific discussion about this reaction is underway in experimental investigations using direct [2][3][4][5][6][7] and indirect THM [8] measurements. The standard 12 C+ 12 C reaction rate was established by Caughan and Fowler [9].…”