Reaction of the Meninges to Blood

The changing pattern of spinal arachnoiditis.

“…Blood in the cerebrospinal fluid produces an inflammatory reaction in the leptomeninges (Bagley, 1928a,b;Hammes, 1944;Alpers and Forster, 1945). Spinal arachnoiditis after subarachnoid haemorrhage though described (Lombardi et al, 1962) is uncommon (1 % in the present series).…”

The changing pattern of spinal arachnoiditis.

“…Blood in the cerebrospinal fluid produces an inflammatory reaction in the leptomeninges (Bagley, 1928a,b;Hammes, 1944;Alpers and Forster, 1945). Spinal arachnoiditis after subarachnoid haemorrhage though described (Lombardi et al, 1962) is uncommon (1 % in the present series).…”

Changes in the subarachnoid space after experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage in the dog: Scanning electron microscopic observation

“…In our experiment, the ventricles were investigated in four dogs with fibrosis, two each on the ninth day and in the first month after blood injection, and they were found to be approximately normal. Hammes (1944) s0 also failed to demonstrate hydrocephalus in any of his 53 autopsy cases of subarachnoid haemorrhage, although there was some fibrosis. This, according to Hammes, is presumably due to patchy distribution of fibrosis, and the occurrence of hydrocephalus may depend upon the site and amount of the bleeding.…”

Cerebral Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

“…Response.-The observation that an inflammatory reaction occurs in the subarachnoid space after a subarachnoid hemorrhage is not new. 71 Linking this occurrence to the vascular changes associated with chronic vasospasm, however, is a novel concept. Neutrophils, which are present in the cerebral arterial wall several days after a subarachnoid hemorrhage, are capable of producing vascular damage when activated by C5a, a complement activation product.…”

The changing pattern of spinal arachnoiditis.

“…Blood in the cerebrospinal fluid produces an inflammatory reaction in the leptomeninges (Bagley, 1928a,b;Hammes, 1944;Alpers and Forster, 1945). Spinal arachnoiditis after subarachnoid haemorrhage though described (Lombardi et al, 1962) is uncommon (1 % in the present series).…”

Changes in the subarachnoid space after experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage in the dog: Scanning electron microscopic observation

“…In our experiment, the ventricles were investigated in four dogs with fibrosis, two each on the ninth day and in the first month after blood injection, and they were found to be approximately normal. Hammes (1944) s0 also failed to demonstrate hydrocephalus in any of his 53 autopsy cases of subarachnoid haemorrhage, although there was some fibrosis. This, according to Hammes, is presumably due to patchy distribution of fibrosis, and the occurrence of hydrocephalus may depend upon the site and amount of the bleeding.…”

Cerebral Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

“…Response.-The observation that an inflammatory reaction occurs in the subarachnoid space after a subarachnoid hemorrhage is not new. 71 Linking this occurrence to the vascular changes associated with chronic vasospasm, however, is a novel concept. Neutrophils, which are present in the cerebral arterial wall several days after a subarachnoid hemorrhage, are capable of producing vascular damage when activated by C5a, a complement activation product.…”

The changing pattern of spinal arachnoiditis.

“…Blood in the cerebrospinal fluid produces an inflammatory reaction in the leptomeninges (Bagley, 1928a,b;Hammes, 1944;Alpers and Forster, 1945). Spinal arachnoiditis after subarachnoid haemorrhage though described (Lombardi et al, 1962) is uncommon (1 % in the present series).…”

Changes in the subarachnoid space after experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage in the dog: Scanning electron microscopic observation

“…In our experiment, the ventricles were investigated in four dogs with fibrosis, two each on the ninth day and in the first month after blood injection, and they were found to be approximately normal. Hammes (1944) s0 also failed to demonstrate hydrocephalus in any of his 53 autopsy cases of subarachnoid haemorrhage, although there was some fibrosis. This, according to Hammes, is presumably due to patchy distribution of fibrosis, and the occurrence of hydrocephalus may depend upon the site and amount of the bleeding.…”

Cerebral Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

“…Response.-The observation that an inflammatory reaction occurs in the subarachnoid space after a subarachnoid hemorrhage is not new. 71 Linking this occurrence to the vascular changes associated with chronic vasospasm, however, is a novel concept. Neutrophils, which are present in the cerebral arterial wall several days after a subarachnoid hemorrhage, are capable of producing vascular damage when activated by C5a, a complement activation product.…”