Rate of Optic Disc Cup Progression in Treated Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

Abstract

In treated patients with primary open-angle glaucoma, the rate of progressive optic disc cupping was slow (LCDR progression of 0.0068 per year). The higher yearly average intraocular pressure was significantly associated with a faster rate of cup progression.

Clinical implications of peripapillary atrophy in glaucoma

“…Correspondingly, Uchida et al [52] showed an association between increasing peripapillary atrophy and progressive glaucoma. In agreement with the latter studies, Kwon et al [53] observed an enlargement of peripapillary atrophy during a follow-up of at least 9 years in patients treated for primary open-angle glaucoma and progressive glaucomatous optic nerve damage. Ahn et al [54] investigated the correlation between a disc hemorrhage and peripapillary atrophy in glaucoma patients with a unilateral disc hemorrhage.…”

Nanomedicine for glaucoma: liposomes provide sustained release of latanoprost in the eye

“…However, daily application, due to poor ocular bioavailability and other long-term side effects such as allergy and intolerance to medications, have negative effects on patient compliance, which leads to disease progression from suboptimal medical management of the disease resulting in poor IOP control. [2][3][4] Latanoprost, a lipophilic drug usually delivered in the form of an oil/water emulsion (Xalatan Liposomes, which have been shown to be biocompatible nanocarriers for ocular use, allows for delivery of both the lipophilic drug molecule as well as its hydrophilic active products, due to its physical structure of a polar core and lipophilic bilayer. 7 Liposomal encapsulation protects drug molecules from enzymatic hydrolysis in the physiological environment while in circulation, and thus increases stability.…”

Variance Owing to Observer, Repeat Imaging, and Fundus Camera Type on Cup-to-disc Ratio Estimates by Stereo Planimetry

“…We previously reported 0.76 (intraclass correlation) for LCDR. 1 Using CAP on stereo fundus photographs, Garway-Heath et al 5 reported interobserver CV of 8.1% and 17.1% for disc and neuroretinal rim area, respectively. Using digital monochromatic sequential stereo disc photographs (Discam), Shuttleworth et al 6 reported interobserver CV of 11.8%, 12.1%, and 17.9% for vertical, horizontal, and area CDR, respectively.…”

“…Optic disc pallor was not used in determining the cup. 1 Next, (objective) DAP was performed on these same stereo images as described previously (Fig. 1).…”

“…One way to evaluate the optic nerve cupping quantitatively is by having experienced glaucoma specialists perform stereo planimetry on digitized color fundus photographs aided by a computer. 1 This quantitative, but still subjective, method of optic disc segmentation into cup/rim by human experts is referred to as computer-assisted planimetry (CAP).…”