Rash

Miceli, Alyssa; Krishnamurthy, Karthik

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-68379-9_19

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Blastomycosis is an uncommon fungal infection caused by a dimorphic fungus, Blastomyces dermatitidis, that is endemic in the Ohio and Mississippi River Valleys, Great Lakes region, and the southeastern United States, as well as in the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Ontario [1][2][3]. Blastomycosis has an annual incidence of approximately 0.2 -1.94 cases per 100,000 persons in North America, although this could be underestimated as a result of underreporting due to under-diagnosis of the disease [2].…”

Section: Discussion Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only 50% of infected individuals have subclinical or asymptomatic illness [1]. In 80% of symptomatic patients, blastomycosis manifests as a pulmonary infection following inhalation of spores, presenting most commonly as pneumonia, or in severe cases, as respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) [2].…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blastomycosis is a disease that is caused by a dimorphic fungus, Blastomyces dermatitidis, and is often misdiagnosed [1][2][3]. Blastomycosis is correctly suspected at the first clinical evaluation in only a small percentage of patients as it can mimic a variety of commonly seen conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Curious Case of Blastomyces Osteomyelitis

Sapra

Pham

Ranjit

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Blastomycosis is an uncommon disease caused by the dimorphic fungus, Blastomyces dermatitidis, often found in endemic regions of Midwestern America. It can be found in forested, sandy soils, decaying vegetation, rotting wood near water sources, and even in bird feces. Most commonly, blastomycosis manifests as a pulmonary infection presenting as pneumonia, or in severe cases, respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Dissemination to the bone is less common but osteomyelitis of the lower thoracic and lumbar spine, ribs, skull, and long bones have been most frequently reported. Disseminated infection to the genitourinary system commonly manifests as prostatitis or epididymo-orchitis in men and as an endometrial infection or tubo-ovarian abscess in women. In the nervous system, blastomycosis can manifest as meningitis or with a cranial abscess. Having a high degree of clinical suspicion and obtaining a detailed medical and social history is important for making a diagnosis. Culturing a specimen will provide a definitive diagnosis. Sputum or tissue specimens stained in 10% potassium hydroxide under microscopy will reveal the classic appearance of B. dermatitidis (broad-based budding with a double-contoured cell wall). In mild to moderate disease without dissemination, itraconazole is the treatment of choice. In severe, life-threatening cases, patients with CNS involvement or in immunocompromised individuals, amphotericin B is the preferred initial drug of choice. We present an interesting case of a 42-year-old African-American male with no significant past medical history who was admitted initially for suspicion of cellulitis/septic arthritis and was started on broad-spectrum antibiotics. However, he was eventually found to have Blastomyces osteomyelitis.

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Section: Discussion Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Curious Case of Blastomyces Osteomyelitis

Sapra

Pham

Ranjit

et al. 2020

Cureus

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“…However, hematogenous spread has been reported in 25% to 30% of cases. 5 The most common sites for hematogenous spread are the skin, bones, and joints. Rarely, primary skin infection may occur through direct inoculation.…”

Section: ■ Routes Of Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Verrucous plaques on the face, dysphagia, and limb weakness

Hennessy

Shorman

2020

CCJM

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“…In the United States, it is mainly found in the midwestern, south-central, and southeastern states, particularly in areas surrounding the Ohio and Mississippi River valleys, the Great Lakes, and the Saint Lawrence River. 8 In 2021, the CDC analyzed surveillance data from 4441 cases from 1987 to 2018 and found only 5 US states in which blastomycosis was reportable: Arkansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin, with Northern Wisconsin having the highest incidence of cases. 2 Few cases have also been reported in Canada, Africa, and India.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%