Rare earth elements removal techniques from water/wastewater: a review

Pereao, Omoniyi; Bode-Aluko, Chris; Fatoba, Ojo O.; Laatikaine, Katri; Petrik, Leslie

doi:10.5004/dwt.2018.22844

Cited by 58 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…Among them, most methods are costly and require much energy consumption, are harmful to the environment, and are inefficient in processing low concentrations of rare earth elements [ 8 ]. Considering technology, the economy and environmental protection, the adsorption method was chosen as the method to remove rare-earth elements from pollutants [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of REEs from Aqueous Solution by EDTA-Chitosan Modified with Zeolite Imidazole Framework (ZIF-8)

Feng

Bat-Amgalan

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Chitosan (CS) modified with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) was further modified with the zeolite imidazole framework (ZIF-8) by in situ growth method and was employed as adsorbent for the removal of rare-earth elements (REEs). The material (EDTA–CS@ZIF-8) and ZIF-8 and CS were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption experiments (N2- Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET)). The effects of adsorbent dosage, temperature, the pH of the aqueous solution, contact time on the adsorption of REEs (La(III), Eu(III), and Yb(III)) by EDTA–CS@ZIF-8 were studied. Typical adsorption isotherms (Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D-R)) were determined for the adsorption process, and the maximal adsorption capacity was estimated as 256.4 mg g−1 for La(III), 270.3 mg g−1 for Eu(III), and 294.1 mg g−1 for Yb(III). The adsorption kinetics results were consistent with the pseudo-second-order equation, indicating that the adsorption process was mainly chemical adsorption. The influence of competing ions on REE adsorption was also investigated. After multiple cycles of adsorption/desorption behavior, EDTA–CS@ZIF-8 still maintained high adsorption capacity for REEs. As a result, EDTA–CS@ZIF-8 possessed good adsorption properties such as stability and reusability, which have potential application in wastewater treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of REEs from Aqueous Solution by EDTA-Chitosan Modified with Zeolite Imidazole Framework (ZIF-8)

Feng

Bat-Amgalan

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…The ion-exchange consists of adsorbing REE ions from the leachates onto an exchanger that is specific and selective for REEs. In a reverse process, REE ions are desorbed from the exchanger during an elution step [94]. The ion-exchange method has been used for decades and is highly selective.…”

Section: Methods Of Ree Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another emerging method for REE separation and purification is solid-liquid extraction. This method uses nanoporous materials such as polymeric fibres, or silica and carbon based sorbents to separate and purify the REEs [94,96]. In a recent study by Hu et al [95], silica and carbon-based sorbents were reported for REE separation and purification.…”

Section: Methods Of Ree Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Earths’ Recovery from Phosphogypsum: An Overview on Direct and Indirect Leaching Techniques

et al. 2021

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The need for rare earths elements (REEs) in high tech electrical and electronic based materials are vital. In the global economy, deposits of natural REEs are limited except for countries such as China, which has prompted current attempts to seek alternative resources of REEs. This increased the dependence on major secondary rare earth-bearing sources such as scrap alloy, battery waste, spent catalysts, fly ash, spent magnets, waste light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and phosphogypsum (PG) for a substantial recovery of REEs for use. Recycling of REEs from these alternative waste sources through hydrometallurgical processes is becoming a sustainable and viable approach due to the low energy consumption, low waste generation, few emissions, environmentally friendliness, and economically feasibility. Industrial wastes such as the PG generated from the production of phosphoric acid is a potential secondary resource of REEs that contains a total REE concentration of over 2000 mg/kg depending upon the phosphate ore from which it is generated. Due to trace concentration of REEs in the PG (normally < 0.1% wt.) and their tiny and complex occurrence as mineral phases the recovery process of REE from PG would be highly challenging in both technology and economy. Various physicochemical pre-treatments approaches have been used up to date to up-concentrate REEs from PG prior to their extraction. Methods such as carbonation, roasting, microwave heating, grinding or recrystallization have been widely used for this purpose. This present paper reviews recent literature on various techniques that are currently employed to up-concentrate REs from PG to provide preliminary insight into further critical raw materials recovery. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of the different strategies are discussed as avenues for realization of REE recovery from PG at a larger scale. In all the different approaches, recrystallization of PG appears to show promising advantages due to both high REE recovery as well as the pure PG phase that can be obtained.

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“…The Supporting Information describes the procedures followed as well as the background information for adsorption models, kinetics, and thermodynamics. Since Table S1 shows that the pH for La 3+ and Ce 3+ in aqueous solutions is in the range 3–7 and the pH range of mining wastewater is 4.5–5.5, − a pH of 5 was selected as an average representative value.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Mesoporous Hybrid Transition Metal Oxide Nanowires for Enhanced Adsorption of Rare Earth Elements from Wastewater

et al. 2020

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Removal of rare earth elements (REEs) from industrial wastewater is a continual challenge. To date, several approaches to the synthesis of nanoadsorbants for this application have been reported, although these are characterized by insufficient adsorption capacity and limitations in cycling stability. The present work reports the fabrication and performance of hierarchical hybrid transition metal oxide (TMO) nanowires deposited on carbon fibers. An ordered assembly of hybrid TMO nanowires exhibits an outstanding adsorbance of 1000 mg·g–1 of REEs with 93% recyclability. This superior performance is attributed to the unique mesoporous architecture of the nanowires, which exhibits a high surface area of 122 cm3·g–1. Further, rapid adsorption/desorption of the REEs reveals minimal morphological alteration and hence high structural stability of these hybrid TMO nanowires after multiple cycles. The ready accessibility of the adsorption sites at crystallite boundaries and the surfaces as well as rapid adsorption of the REEs on the mesoporous nanostructure facilitate considerable adsorption capacity, improved structural stability, and extended cyclability, all of which suggest the potential for this material in REE extraction.

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Rare earth elements removal techniques from water/wastewater: a review

Cited by 58 publications

References 140 publications

Adsorption of REEs from Aqueous Solution by EDTA-Chitosan Modified with Zeolite Imidazole Framework (ZIF-8)

Adsorption of REEs from Aqueous Solution by EDTA-Chitosan Modified with Zeolite Imidazole Framework (ZIF-8)

Rare Earths’ Recovery from Phosphogypsum: An Overview on Direct and Indirect Leaching Techniques

Highly Mesoporous Hybrid Transition Metal Oxide Nanowires for Enhanced Adsorption of Rare Earth Elements from Wastewater

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