Rapid water quality characterization for chlorine demand and THM formation in drinking waters

Jegatheesan, Veeriah; Weragoda, S. K.; Visvanathan, C.

doi:10.2166/aqua.2008.043

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…The main pollutants of wastewater include mineral nutrients, including nitrogen and phosphorus, PTEs, organic substances, and microorganisms [16]. Organic materials in wastewater are the main source of most pathogenic microbes such as protozoa, fungi, bacteria, and viruses that cause water-borne diseases [45].…”

Section: Environmental Implications Of Wastewater Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and Emerging Adsorbent Technologies for Wastewater Treatment: Trends, Limitations, and Environmental Implications

Younas

Mustafa

Farooqi

et al. 2021

Water

147

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Wastewater generation and treatment is an ever-increasing concern in the current century due to increased urbanization and industrialization. To tackle the situation of increasing environmental hazards, numerous wastewater treatment approaches are used—i.e., physical, chemical, and biological (primary to tertiary treatment) methods. Various treatment techniques being used have the risks of producing secondary pollutants. The most promising technique is the use of different materials as adsorbents that have a higher efficacy in treating wastewater, with a minimal production of secondary pollutants. Biosorption is a key process that is highly efficient and cost-effective. This method majorly uses the adsorption process/mechanism for toxicant removal from wastewater. This review elaborates the major agricultural and non-agricultural materials-based sorbents that have been used with their possible mechanisms of pollutant removal. Moreover, this creates a better understanding of how the efficacy of these sorbents can be enhanced by modification or treatments with other substances. This review also explains the re-usability and mechanisms of the used adsorbents and/or their disposal in a safe and environmentally friendly way, along with highlighting the major research gaps and potential future research directions. Additionally, the cost benefit ratio of adsorbents is elucidated.

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Section: Environmental Implications Of Wastewater Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and Emerging Adsorbent Technologies for Wastewater Treatment: Trends, Limitations, and Environmental Implications

Younas

Mustafa

Farooqi

et al. 2021

Water

147

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Although the exact explanation for this observation is not possible to date, it seems that conductivity plays an indirect role in THM formation. One of the favorable precursors for THMs is hydrophobic NOM (Guanghui & David 2007;Jagatheesan et al 2008). When the conductivity of the aqueous phase is increased (by increasing conductivity), the NOM seems to be aggregated into large moieties due to its water repellency.…”

Section: Variation Of Tthm/thm and Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of trihalomethane in relation to treatment technologies and water quality under tropical conditions

Amarasooriya

Weragoda²,

Makehelwala³

et al. 2018

H2Open Journal

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Distribution of most prevalent disinfection by-products, trihalomethanes (THMs) in relation to treatment technology and common water quality parameters (turbidity, conductivity, color, pH, and residual chlorine) was examined for two water supply schemes (WSS) in Sri Lanka (locations: Greater Kandy-WSS (GKWSS) (80.56–80.66 °E, 7.28–7.38 °N) and Kandy South-WSS (KSWSS) (80.49–80.63 °E, 7.21–7.30 °N). In both treatment plants, only CHCl3 and CHCl2Br were detected in appreciable concentrations and total THMs (TTHMs) values were well below the WHO limits (80 μg/L). TTHMs variations ranged from 0 to 16 μg/L and 0 to 54 μg/L in GKWSS and KSWSS, respectively. Highest TTHM value (54 μg/L) was found in KSWSS which employs pulsation treatment technology. Correlations between CHCl3 and CHCl2Br in both water schemes are noteworthy, but THM levels relate to most of the water quality parameters ambiguously. However, a distinct relationship is observed between THM levels and degree of chlorination, resident time, pipeline corrosion, and temperature. THM formation increased towards the boundaries of most of the sub-water supply schemes (SWSS).

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“…Realizing the need for having a more accurate modelling approach for chlorine decay prediction, some researchers started to apply the parallel second order model for the assessment of the effects of different treatment processes on the chlorine decay profile [8,9,11].…”

Section: Parallel Second Order Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of parallel second order model over second and first order models

Kohpaei

Sathasivan

Aboutalebi

2011

Desalination and Water Treatment

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To cite this article: Ahmad Jabari Kohpaei , Arumugam Sathasivan & Hanieh Aboutalebi (2011) Effectiveness of parallel second order model over second and first order models, Desalination and Water Treatment, 32:1-3, 107-114To link to this article: http://dx. ab s t r ac tThe chlorine decay is usually described by the first order model (FOM) due to its easiness, although its weaknesses are well known. In this work, two better models, second order model (SOM) and parallel second order model (PSOM), are compared for their accuracy to predict chlorine residuals for a single dosing scenario. Results showed that SOM model provided a better prediction compared to FOM. However, SOM had two important shortcomings. Firstly, it overly predicted residuals in the lower end of chlorine decay curve, implying false sense of security in achieving secondary disinfection goals. Secondly, when higher initial dose was practiced, chlorine residual prediction was poorer. PSOM on the other hand provided the best fit for the experimental data in the initial as well as the later part of the decay curve for any doses. Compared to SOM which had two parameters, PSOM is more complex as it uses four parameters. Comparing to the advantages, complexity of PSOM is not an issue as EPANET-MSX can be used for full scale system simulation.

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Rapid water quality characterization for chlorine demand and THM formation in drinking waters

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

Current and Emerging Adsorbent Technologies for Wastewater Treatment: Trends, Limitations, and Environmental Implications

Current and Emerging Adsorbent Technologies for Wastewater Treatment: Trends, Limitations, and Environmental Implications

Occurrence of trihalomethane in relation to treatment technologies and water quality under tropical conditions

Effectiveness of parallel second order model over second and first order models

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