Rapid differentiation of Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry

Lai, Ying-Han; So, Pui‐Kin; Lo, Samuel Chun‐Lap; Ng, Eddy Wing Yin; Poon, Terence Chuen Wai; Yao, Zhongping

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2012.09.047

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…LC–MS-based fingerprinting followed by chemometric analysis has been increasingly used for TCM analysis, which enables species differentiation of congeneric plant species 12 . Direct infusion mass spectrometry combined with chemometric analysis has been reported to differentiate Panax species 13 , 14 . Our previous study has revealed the potential taxonomic significance of certain ginsenosides (oleanolic acid type, octillol type, malonylated, and peroxidized ginsenosides) in differentiating PG, PQ, and PN 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and differentiation of Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium, and Panax notoginseng by monitoring multiple diagnostic chemical markers

Yang

Qiao

et al. 2016

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B

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To differentiate traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) derived from congeneric species in TCM compound preparations is usually challenging. The roots of Panax ginseng (PG), Panax quinquefolium (PQ) and Panax notoginseng (PN) are used as popular TCM. They contain similar triterpenoid saponins (ginsenosides) as the major bioactive constituents. Thus far, only a few chemical markers have been discovered to differentiate these three species. Herein we present a multiple marker detection approach to effectively differentiate the three Panax species, and to identify them in compound preparations. Firstly, 85 batches of crude drug samples (including 32 PG, 30 PQ, and 23 PN) were analyzed by monitoring 40 major ginsenosides in the extracted ion chromatograms (EICs) using a validated LC–MS fingerprinting method. Secondly, the samples were clustered into different groups by pattern recognition chemometric approaches using PLS-DA and OPLS-DA models, and 17 diagnostic chemical markers were discovered. Aside from the previously known Rf and p-F11, ginsenoside Rs1 could be a new marker to differentiate PG from PQ. Finally, the above multiple chemical markers were used to identify the Panax species in 60 batches of TCM compound preparations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and differentiation of Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium, and Panax notoginseng by monitoring multiple diagnostic chemical markers

Yang

Qiao

et al. 2016

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B

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“…In recent years, attempts have been made to solve this problem using metabolomics [6]. Metabolomics is a relatively new field of “omics” research concerned with the high-throughput identification and quantification of small-molecule metabolites in the metabolome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic approach for discrimination of processed ginseng genus (Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius) using UPLC-QTOF MS

Park

Kim

et al. 2014

Journal of Ginseng Research

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Discriminating between two herbal medicines (Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius), with similar chemical and physical properties but different therapeutic effects, is a very serious and difficult problem. Differentiation between two processed ginseng genera is even more difficult because the characteristics of their appearance are very similar. An ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF MS)-based metabolomic technique was applied for the metabolite profiling of 40 processed P. ginseng and processed P. quinquefolius. Currently known biomarkers such as ginsenoside Rf and F11 have been used for the analysis using the UPLC-photodiode array detector. However, this method was not able to fully discriminate between the two processed ginseng genera. Thus, an optimized UPLC-QTOF-based metabolic profiling method was adapted for the analysis and evaluation of two processed ginseng genera. As a result, all known biomarkers were identified by the proposed metabolomics, and additional potential biomarkers were extracted from the huge amounts of global analysis data. Therefore, it is expected that such metabolomics techniques would be widely applied to the ginseng research field.

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“…The flavonoid-matrix cluster ions, which depend on the structure of the flavonoid, were elucidated by MALDI-MS/ MS, confirming the formation of cluster ions involving fragments produced by retro-Diels-Alder fragmentation [124]. The formation of radical fragments in-source and MS/MS experiments are evident [22,81,122,125], and increasing the understanding of these reactions will enlarge the application of MALDI as a tool in high-throughput chemical analysis and the identification of natural products [25,27,51,55,68,126]. Although the O-glycosylated flavonoids easily lose the sugar in the source, Wang and Sporns [68] thoroughly studied the fragmentation pathway of glycosylated flavonols with up to three glycosides.…”

Section: Maldi-ms/ms To Identify Natural Productsmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…quinquefolium L. (Araliaceae) because they have similar chemical and physical properties, including a problematic botanic differentiation, but with substantially different therapeutic effects that highlight the importance of a correct identification. The methodology allowed the unambiguous differentiation between the two species, required a small quantity of material, and was fast, robust, and simple [55]. Consequently, MALDI-MS can potentially characterize adulterants within the plants and perform rapid dereplication and quantification studies.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of MALDI Mass Spectrometry in Natural Products Analysis

2016

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This article presents the utility of mass spectrometry with a MALDI ionization source in natural products analysis. The advantages and drawbacks of this technique for natural products analyses will be presented and discussed. In addition, the structural determination of secondary metabolites using MALDI-MS/MS will be explored, which can guide MALDI experimental methods and stimulate new research in this area. Finally, several important approaches for MALDI data processing will be discussed.

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Rapid differentiation of Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry

Cited by 23 publications

References 44 publications

Identification and differentiation of Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium, and Panax notoginseng by monitoring multiple diagnostic chemical markers

Identification and differentiation of Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium, and Panax notoginseng by monitoring multiple diagnostic chemical markers

Metabolomic approach for discrimination of processed ginseng genus (Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius) using UPLC-QTOF MS

Application of MALDI Mass Spectrometry in Natural Products Analysis

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