Rapid Body Cooling by Cold Fluid Infusion Prolongs Survival Time during Uncontrolled Hemorrhagic Shock in Pigs

Abstract

In lightly anesthetized pigs during uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock, infusion with 4 degrees C lactated Ringer's solution (which seems to be feasible in the clinical setting) decreases the core temperature rapidly and prolongs survival.

Comparison of Warm Fluid and Cold Fluid Resuscitations During Uncontrolled Hemorrhagic Shock Model in Rats

“…They thought this was a result of therapeutic hypothermia, which decreased HR and stroke volume index, and thus reduced oxygen demand of the heart. [2] In contrast, we found that cold fluid infusion decreased survival time. Cold fluid infusion may have increased volume and rate of hemorrhage, hypothermia, and acidosis, which might be related to poor tissue perfusion by causing vasoconstriction.…”

“…In the literature, there are only 2 studies that compare fluid resuscitation at different temperatures in HS model, and both of these were pig models. [2,10] Our study is the first to be conducted using rats. Norio et al [2] reported that cold fluid infusion increased survival time.…”

“…[2,10] Our study is the first to be conducted using rats. Norio et al [2] reported that cold fluid infusion increased survival time. They thought this was a result of therapeutic hypothermia, which decreased HR and stroke volume index, and thus reduced oxygen demand of the heart.…”

“…[1] The most frequent cause of early death due to trauma is bleeding and shock. [2] In developed and developing countries, 50% to 80% of deaths due to trauma occur in the prehospital field. [3] Recent studies investigating means to Submitted: 17.02.2016 Accepted: 08.…”

“…Differences between groups in terms of survival time were assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. In determining the number of subjects in each group, effect size of 1.52 was estimated based on a previous study (2). Sample size of 8 subjects in each group would allow us to detect statistically significant difference with 5% Type 1 error risk and 80% power.…”