Rapid Biophysical Analysis of Host Immune Cell Variations Associated with Sepsis

Crawford, Katherine; DeWitt, Aaron; Brierre, Stephen; Caffery, Terrell; Jagneaux, Tonya; Thomas, Christopher; Macdonald, Mara; Tse, Henry T. K.; Shah, Ajay; Carlo, Dino Di; O’Neal, Hollis R.

doi:10.1164/rccm.201710-2077le

Cited by 26 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In the presence of a raised white cell count, the value of monocyte distribution width improved diagnosing and defining early management protocols for sepsis[ 54 ]. Crawford et al[ 55 ] developed an automated deformability cytometric analysis using microfluidic cartridge and customized instrumentation. In this system, imaging of single cells at the rate of thousands/s with the high-speed camera can be studied as they undergo stretching in a controlled microfluidic flow.…”

Section: Novel Biomarkers For Sepsis Diagnosis and Prognosis: Use In mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The assay time takes less than 10 min from blood collection to final output and can be used in an emergency setting to identify those who require immediate antibiotic care. This is important because an increase in mortality has been shown with every passing hour in patients with sepsis and even more so in those with septic shock, which holds in patients with cirrhosis and sepsis at a more catastrophic level (Figure 4 )[ 55 , 56 ].…”

Section: Novel Biomarkers For Sepsis Diagnosis and Prognosis: Use In mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Update on diagnosis and management of sepsis in cirrhosis: Current advances

Philips¹,

Ahamed²,

Rajesh³

et al. 2020

WJH

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Sepsis and septic shock are catastrophic disease entities that portend high mortality in patients with cirrhosis. In cirrhosis, hemodynamic perturbations, immune dysregulation, and persistent systemic inflammation with altered gut microbiota in the background of portal hypertension enhance the risk of infections and resistance to antimicrobials. Patients with cirrhosis develop recurrent life-threatening infections that progress to multiple organ failure. The definition, pathophysiology, and treatment options for sepsis have been ever evolving. In this exhaustive review, we discuss novel advances in the understanding of sepsis, describe current and future biomarkers and scoring systems for sepsis, and delineate newer modalities and adjuvant therapies for the treatment of sepsis from existing literature to extrapolate the same concerning the management of sepsis in cirrhosis. We also provide insights into the role of gut microbiota in initiation and progression of sepsis and finally, propose a treatment algorithm for management of sepsis in patients with cirrhosis.

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Section: Novel Biomarkers For Sepsis Diagnosis and Prognosis: Use In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Novel Biomarkers For Sepsis Diagnosis and Prognosis: Use In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on diagnosis and management of sepsis in cirrhosis: Current advances

Philips¹,

Ahamed²,

Rajesh³

et al. 2020

WJH

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“…Further demonstration of their utility compared to standard biomarkers is needed. In a preliminary study using microfluidic techniques, granulocyte deformability distinguished patients with sepsis from healthy controls, but the clinical implications are currently unknown because healthy controls are not a clinically relevant comparator group (26). None of the described WBC metrics are FDA cleared for use in sepsis.…”

Section: White Blood Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosing and Managing Sepsis by Probing the Host Response to Infection: Advances, Opportunities, and Challenges

Gunsolus

Sweeney²,

Liesenfeld³

et al. 2019

J Clin Microbiol

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Sepsis is a major source of mortality and morbidity globally. Accurately diagnosing sepsis remains challenging due to the heterogeneous nature of the disease, and delays in diagnosis and intervention contribute to high mortality rates. Measuring the host response to infection enables more rapid diagnosis of sepsis than is possible through direct detection of the causative pathogen, and recent advances in host response diagnostics and prognostics hold promise for improving outcomes. The current review discusses recent advances in the technologies used to probe the host response to infection, particularly those based on transcriptomics. These are discussed in the context of contemporary approaches to diagnosing and prognosing sepsis, and recommendations are made for successful development and validation of host response technologies.

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“…Using a curved channel to align WBCs in a channel and control cell speed, Crawford et al employed a hydrodynamic deformability cytometer (Figure 5b,c) to identify a physical biomarker indicative of sepsis within 10 minutes of drawing blood, possibly preventing incorrect administration of antibiotics [102,103]. In general, granulocytes in septic patients were more deformable than that in their healthy counterparts.…”

Section: Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

Inertial Microfluidics Enabling Clinical Research

et al. 2021

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Fast and accurate interrogation of complex samples containing diseased cells or pathogens is important to make informed decisions on clinical and public health issues. Inertial microfluidics has been increasingly employed for such investigations to isolate target bioparticles from liquid samples with size and/or deformability-based manipulation. This phenomenon is especially useful for the clinic, owing to its rapid, label-free nature of target enrichment that enables further downstream assays. Inertial microfluidics leverages the principle of inertial focusing, which relies on the balance of inertial and viscous forces on particles to align them into size-dependent laminar streamlines. Several distinct microfluidic channel geometries (e.g., straight, curved, spiral, contraction-expansion array) have been optimized to achieve inertial focusing for a variety of purposes, including particle purification and enrichment, solution exchange, and particle alignment for on-chip assays. In this review, we will discuss how inertial microfluidics technology has contributed to improving accuracy of various assays to provide clinically relevant information. This comprehensive review expands upon studies examining both endogenous and exogenous targets from real-world samples, highlights notable hybrid devices with dual functions, and comments on the evolving outlook of the field.

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Rapid Biophysical Analysis of Host Immune Cell Variations Associated with Sepsis

Cited by 26 publications

References 9 publications

Update on diagnosis and management of sepsis in cirrhosis: Current advances

Update on diagnosis and management of sepsis in cirrhosis: Current advances

Diagnosing and Managing Sepsis by Probing the Host Response to Infection: Advances, Opportunities, and Challenges

Inertial Microfluidics Enabling Clinical Research

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