2016
DOI: 10.1038/srep23375
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Rapid bacterial antibiotic susceptibility test based on simple surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic biomarkers

Abstract: Rapid bacterial antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) measurement are important to help reduce the widespread misuse of antibiotics and alleviate the growing drug-resistance problem. We discovered that, when a susceptible strain of Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli is exposed to an antibiotic, the intensity of specific biomarkers in its surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra drops evidently in two hours. The discovery has been exploited for rapid AST … Show more

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Cited by 99 publications
(97 citation statements)
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“…High signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) are thus needed to reach high identification accuracies 9 , typically requiring long measurement times that prohibit high-throughput single-cell techniques. Additionally, the large number of clinically relevant species, strains, and antibiotic resistance patterns require comprehensive datasets that are not gathered in studies that focus on differentiating between species 10,11 , isolates (typically referred to as strains in the literature) 12,13 , or antibiotic susceptibilities [14][15][16][17][18][19] . In this work, we address this challenge by training a convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify noisy bacterial spectra by isolate, empiric treatment, and antibiotic resistance.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…High signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) are thus needed to reach high identification accuracies 9 , typically requiring long measurement times that prohibit high-throughput single-cell techniques. Additionally, the large number of clinically relevant species, strains, and antibiotic resistance patterns require comprehensive datasets that are not gathered in studies that focus on differentiating between species 10,11 , isolates (typically referred to as strains in the literature) 12,13 , or antibiotic susceptibilities [14][15][16][17][18][19] . In this work, we address this challenge by training a convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify noisy bacterial spectra by isolate, empiric treatment, and antibiotic resistance.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…When bacteria in the sample is susceptible to the presence of an antibiotic at a given concentration, the SERS pattern decreases in amplitude over time, while the resistant strains do not show any significant change in their spectral pattern. The authors [27] were able to demonstrate the change in spectral pattern of S. aureus-oxacillin and E. coli-imipenem within 2 hours. Additionally, they determined the breakpoint value of spectral signal ratios, above which the antibiotic would be considered ineffective and below which they are considered susceptible.…”
Section: Future Technologiesmentioning
confidence: 89%
“…Another issue is to search for the possibility of testing direct clinical samples reducing the assay requirements for handling and treatment of the microbial contaminated fluid as well as bacterial isolation and enrichment. Fast antimicrobial susceptibility testing has been achieved by diverse methods, among these are the molecular techniques [2,3] biosensors [4] fluorescence detection [5], as well as the adaptation of new techniques such as Raman Spectroscopy [6]. Therefore it is desirable to perform an exploratory assay which could eventually set the basis for a fast antibiogram.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%