Rapeseed Mutants with Reduced Levels of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Increased Levels of Oleic Acid

Auld, D. L.; Heikkinen, M. K.; Erickson, D. A.; Sernyk, J. L.; Romero, Juan E.

doi:10.2135/cropsci1992.0011183x003200030016x

Cited by 118 publications

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“…With regards to saturated fatty acids, other researchers have reported differences among cultivars. Auld et al (1992) stated that a reduced level of polyunsaturated FA (especially linolenic acid, 18:3) and an increased content of monounsaturated FA (oleic acid, 18:1) provided higher oil stability and the resulting product can be used for food applications requiring high cooking and frying temperatures. Therefore, breeding rapeseed with high 18:1 and low 18:3 contents is a major goal.…”

Section: Determination Of Glucosinolate Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in fatty acid composition, glucosinolate profile and some phytochemical contents in selected oil seed rape (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.) cultivars

El-Beltagi¹,

Mohamed²

2010

Grasas y Aceites

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Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is now the third most important source of edible oil in the world after soybean and palm oil. In this study seeds of five different rapeseed cultivars namely; pactol, silvo, topas, serw 4 and serw 6 were evaluated for their fatty acid composition, glucosinolate profile, amino acids, total tocopherols and phenolic content. Among all cultivars significant variability in fatty acids were observed. The oleic acid (C18:1) ranged from 56.31% to 58.67%, linoleic acid (C18:2) from 10.52% to 13.74%, α-linolenic acid (C18:3) from 8.83% to 10.32% and erucic acid (22:1) from 0.15% to 0.91%. The glucosinolate profile of rapeseed was also separated and identified using high-performance liquid chromatography. Small variations in the glucosinolate profile were observed among all tested cultivars; however, progoitrin and gluconapin were the major glucosinolate found. Additionally, silvo cultivar showed the highest total glucosinolate c ontents (5.97 μmol/g dw). Generally, the contents of aspartic, glutamic, arginine and leucine were high, while the contents of tyrosine and isoleucine were low among all cultivars. For total tocopherols, the results indicated that both serw 6 and pactol cultivars had the highest total tocopherol contents (138.3 and 102.8 mg/100 g oil, respectively). Total phenolic contents varied from 28.0 to 35.4 mg/g dw. The highest total phenolic content was found in topas while the lowest value was detected in serw 6. These parameters; fatty acid contents, glucosinolate profile and amino acids together with total tocopherols and phenolic contents, could be taken into consideration by oilseed rape breeders as selection criteria for developing genotypes with modified seed quality traits in Brassica napus L.

La colza (Brassica napus L.) es hoy en día el tercer cultivo más importante de aceites comestibles en el mundo tras el aceite de soja y de palma. En este estudio semillas de cinco cultivos diferentes de colza, denominadas pactol, silvo, topas, serw 4 y serw 6, fueron evaluadas mediante su composición en ácidos grasos, perfil de glucosinolato, aminoácidos, tocoferoles totales y contenido fenólico. En todos los cultivos, una significativa variabilidad en los ácidos grasos fue observada. El ácido oleico (C18:1) vario desde un 56.31% a un 58.67%, ácido linoleico (C18:2) desde un 10.52% a un 13.74%, ácido α-linolenic (C18:3) desde 8.83% a un 10.32% y ácido erúcico (22:1) desde un 0.15% a un 0.91%. El perfil de glucosinolatos de colza fue también separado e identificado usando cromatografía líquida de alta eficacia. Una baja variación en el perfil de glucosinolato fue observado en todos los cultivos ensayados; sin embargo, progoitrina y gluconapina fueron los principales glucosinolatos encontraos en todos los cultivos. Además, el cultivo silvo mostro el contenido de glucosinolatos totales más alto (5.97 μmol/g dw). Generalmente, el contenido de aspártico, glutámico, arginina y leucina fue alto, mientras que el contenido de tirosina y isoleucina fue bajo en tod...

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Section: Determination Of Glucosinolate Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in fatty acid composition, glucosinolate profile and some phytochemical contents in selected oil seed rape (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.) cultivars

El-Beltagi¹,

Mohamed²

2010

Grasas y Aceites

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“…Breeding canola varieties with low linolenic acid in oilseeds is one of major objectives for many canola breeding programs. Low C18:3 mutants have been produced through mutagenesis (Rakow 1973;Auld et al 1992). The development of canola varieties with fatty acid profile of C18:1 above 70% and C18:3 below 3.0% in oilseeds, for example, Natreon varieties, is a major objective of the canola breeding program in Dow AgroSciences.…”

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confidence: 99%

G-to-A mutation at a 5' splice site of fad3c caused impaired splicing in a low linolenic mutant of canola (Brassica napus L.)

Hu¹,

Sullivan-Gilbert²,

Gupta³

et al. 2007

Plant Biotechnology

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The plant fad3 (Fatty Acid Desaturase 3) gene encodes an endoplasmic delta-15 linoleate desaturase which is responsible for the desaturation of linoleic acid (C18:2) to linolenic acid (C18:3). Two fad3 genes ( fad3a and fad3c) were reported to control linolenic content in Brassica napus, with fad3a located on linkage group N4 and fad3c on N14 (Barret et al. 1999;Brunel et al. 1999;Hu et al. 2006). The high level of linolenic acid in canola oil is undesirable because linolenic acid is highly unsaturated and easily oxidized to cause off-flavor and rancidity of the oil, thus resulting in a shortened shelf life. Breeding canola varieties with low linolenic acid in oilseeds is one of major objectives for many canola breeding programs. Low C18:3 mutants have been produced through mutagenesis (Rakow 1973;Auld et al. 1992). The development of canola varieties with fatty acid profile of C18:1 above 70% and C18:3 below 3.0% in oilseeds, for example, Natreon varieties, is a major objective of the canola breeding program in Dow AgroSciences. A single nucleotide mutation of ϩ1G to ϩ1A at the 5Ј splice site of intron 6 of the B. napus fad3c gene was previously identified by comparing the wild-type and high oleic mutant allele of the locus (Hu et al. 2006). This mutant was developed through ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) mutagenesis and contains reduced C18:3 content in oil seed. An allele-specific PCR marker diagnostic to the mutation was developed. Linkage analysis with 183 doubled haploid lines derived from the cross of Quantum and DMS100 indicated that this allele-specific marker was significantly correlated to low C18:3. A high-throughput Invader ® assay detecting the SNP generated from the fad3c gene mutation clearly differentiated the homozygous mutant, homozygous wild-type and heterozygous genotypes, thus allowing specific selection of the fad3c alleles conferring low C18:3 content (Hu et al. 2006).The molecular characterization of mutations in splicing site sequences in Arabidopsis provides valuable information on plant pre-mRNA splicing. As in other organisms, plant genes contain highly conserved 5Ј splice site (exon/intron junction-AG/GTAAG) and 3Ј splice site (intron/exon junction-TGCAG/G). The first two nucleotides in the 5Ј splice site intron junction sequence, ϩ1G and ϩ2T, have shown 100% and 99% conservation respectively among over 1000 Arabidopsis introns studied (Lorkovic et al. 2000;Brown 1996). The accuracy of splicing depends on the mechanisms of intron signal recognition and the correct selection of 5Ј and 3Ј splice sites. Mutations in splice sites can abolish splicing or lead to exon skipping, i.e., the affected exon Abstract Two genes ( fad3a and fad3c) encode for endoplasmic delta-15 linoleate desaturase, which is responsible for the desaturation of linoleic acid (C18:2) into linolenic acid (C18:3) in canola (Brassica napus). The canola mutant line DMS100 carries a G-to-A base substitution at the 5Ј splice site, located at ϩ1 G, of fad3c intron 6 and contains reduced C18:3 content in oil seeds. Reverse ...

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“…Oils with modified contents of two different fatty acids have been developed in different oil crops, rapeseed (Auld et al 1992), flax (Ntiamoah et al 1995), sunflower (Fernandez-Martinez et al 1997) and soybean (Nickell et al 1991, Bravo et al 1999, Rahman et al 2001. However, there are no reports on the improvement of the contents of three or more fatty acids by combining multiple mutant alleles at a time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three Novel Soybean Germplasms with Unique Fatty Acid Composition using Multiple Mutant Alleles

et al. 2004

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Three soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] germplasms were previously developed for unique fatty acid content: LPKKC-3 has fap1 and sop1 alleles for reduced palmitic acid, HPKKC-7 has fap2 and fapx alleles for elevated palmitic acid and DHL has the ol allele for elevated oleic acid, and fan and fanx a alleles for reduced linolenic acid. If these loci are independently inherited, soybean germplasms with useful combinations of these fatty acids could be developed that would result in a novel oil quality of great value for the food industry. Crosses were made between DHL and LPKKC-3, and DHL and HPKKC-7. The data from F 2 seed and F 2 progeny of DHL X LPKKC-3 indicated that the loci controlling reduced palmitic acid (fap1 and sop1) were independently inherited from the locus controlling elevated oleic acid (ol), and the loci controlling reduced linolenic acid (fan and fanx a ). Thus, the germplasm (LPDHL) with 4.0 % palmitic, 51.0 % oleic and 2.9 % linolenic acids was easily developed. The data from F 2 seeds and F 2 progeny of DHL X HPKKC-7 indicated that the loci controlling elevated palmitic acid (fap2 and fapx), and reduced linolenic acid (fan and fanx a ) were independently inherited. The locus controlling elevated oleic acid (ol) was also distinctly segregated but the contents of oleic acid were found to be reduced due to the presence of loci for elevated palmitic acid. Thus, one germplasm (HPLL) with 22.5 % palmitic acid and 2.7 % linolenic acid, and another germplasm (MHPDHL) with 17.1 % palmitic acid, 41.8 % oleic and 2.9 % linolenic acids were developed.

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Rapeseed Mutants with Reduced Levels of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Increased Levels of Oleic Acid

Cited by 118 publications

References 0 publications

Variations in fatty acid composition, glucosinolate profile and some phytochemical contents in selected oil seed rape (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.) cultivars

Variations in fatty acid composition, glucosinolate profile and some phytochemical contents in selected oil seed rape (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.) cultivars

G-to-A mutation at a 5' splice site of fad3c caused impaired splicing in a low linolenic mutant of canola (Brassica napus L.)

Three Novel Soybean Germplasms with Unique Fatty Acid Composition using Multiple Mutant Alleles

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