Rapeseed meal and its use in poultry diets. A review

Fenwick, G. R.; Curtis, R. F.

doi:10.1016/0377-8401(80)90016-4

Cited by 82 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 169 publications

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“…But the presence of glucosinolate in the meal limits efficient utilisation in animal feeding. More than 10 mg/kg glucosinolates is toxic to pigs and poultry (Fenwick and Curtis, 1980), and responsible for poor growth and lower thyroid hormone levels (Papas et al, 1979;Tripathi, 1999). The TGLS content of MM used in this experiment was within the normal range (Chauhan et al, 1999) reported for Indian rapeseedmustard meal.…”

Section: Effect Of Dietary Glucosinolates On Growing Rabbitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glucosinolates are non-toxic, but upon degradation thiocyanate, isothiocyanates and nitriles are released that are toxic to animals. These end products suppress the thyroidal uptake of iodine (Duncan, 1991;Barrett et al, 1997) and induce metabolic disorders such as liver and thyroid hypertrophy (Papas et al, 1979;Fenwick and Curtis, 1980;Bourdon et al, 1981;Bell, 1984). Upon ingestion, glucosinolate or metabolites may cause tissue alterations, and growth and health problems (Wallig et al, 1992;Kloss et al, 1994;Tripathi and Mishra, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Caecal fermentation characteristics, blood composition and growth of rabbits on substitution of soya-bean meal by unconventional high-glucosinolate mustard (Brassica juncea) meal as protein supplement

Tripathi

Mishra

Mondal

et al. 2008

Animal

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Effect of graded levels of high-glucosinolate mustard (Brassica juncea) meal as substitute of soya-bean meal (SBM) in broiler rabbit diets was studied. Forty weaning rabbits of Soviet Chinchilla and White Giant breed were randomly allocated to one of four experimental diets containing mustard meal (MM) 0, 80, 160 and 245 g/kg. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. MM had 54.8 mg total glucosinolates (TGLSs) per g dry matter (DM). Diets had TGLS 3.8, 8.4 and 11.98 mg/g DM in 80, 160 and 245 g MM diets, respectively. MM-incorporated diets had higher digestible and linearly (P , 0.01) higher metabolisable energy (ME) content. However, the effect on total tract apparent digestibility of DM, and crude protein was quadratic. Average daily gain (ADG) reduced (P , 0.05) linearly with increasing MM levels in diet, still 80 and 160 g MM diets had similar ADG compared to that of SBM diet. Caecum weight reduced linearly (P , 0.05) with increasing MM levels in diet. The pH of caecal content ranged between 5.85 and 6.19, total N between 1.19 and 1.48 (g per 100 g) and total volatile fatty acids between 4.7 and 5.8 mmol per 100 g, and they were not statistically different. NH 3 -N ranged between 31.2 and 39.0 mg per 100 ml, and reduced linearly (P , 0.05) while trichloroacetic acidprecipitable nitrogen increased linearly (P , 0.01, ranged between 114 and 247 mg per 100 ml) with increasing MM levels in diet. Blood haemoglobin, packed cell volume and lymphocytes were higher (quadratic effects, P , 0.05) on 245 MM diet, whereas white blood cell count reduced linearly (P , 0.01). Serum aspartate aminotransferase increased linearly (P , 0.01) while alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activity, protein, erythrocytes sedimentation rate and red blood cell counts were not affected by MM. Serum Cu, Na and K content increased linearly (P , 0.05) with increasing MM levels. Liver Cu concentration showed quadratic (P , 0.05) increase. Rabbits tolerated 8.4 mg TGLS per g diet (160 g MM per kg) during active growth without any apparent effect on health and growth. It is concluded that MM can replace up to 66% SBM protein in rabbit feeding, whereas complete replacement of SBM with MM reduced feed intake and ADG by 23% and 13%, respectively. Further studies are required to confirm these inclusion levels and glucosinolate tolerance of rabbits.

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Section: Effect Of Dietary Glucosinolates On Growing Rabbitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caecal fermentation characteristics, blood composition and growth of rabbits on substitution of soya-bean meal by unconventional high-glucosinolate mustard (Brassica juncea) meal as protein supplement

Tripathi

Mishra

Mondal

et al. 2008

Animal

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“…The utilization of rapeseed oil and rapeseed meal is influenced by a number of quality factors including the content of fiber, erucic acid, sinapine, and glucosinolates. Through standard breeding programs, cultivars low in both erucic acid and total glucosinolates have been developed and are currently widely grown in Europe and Canada where these varieties are known as canola (7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and Characterization of Methionine:Glyoxylate Aminotransferase from Brassica carinata and Brassica napus

Chapple¹,

Ellis²

1990

Plant Physiol.

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The first step in the biosynthesis of allylglucosinolate from methionine in Brassica is thought to be the transamination of methionine to 2-keto-4-methylthiobutyrate. By using Q-Sepharose and Red Agarose, followed by high resolution anion exchange chromatography and chromatofocussing, a methionine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (MGAT) was purified to homogeneity from leaves of Brassica carinata var R-4218, and approximately 5000-fold from leaves of Brassica napus var Topas. The final purification was accomplished using nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme has a pi of 4.3, a native molecular mass of 230 to 290 kilodaltons, and a subunit molecular mass of approximately 50 kilodaltons. Four isozymes of the enzyme were identified in the six species of Brassica commonly cultivated. Nonglucosinolate producing species had only low levels of MGAT or an MGAT isozyme which was distinctly different from that in Brassica.The genus Brassica is important agronomically, and various members, including those which are grown as rapeseed, have been cultivated for several millenia. The utilization of rapeseed oil and rapeseed meal is influenced by a number of quality factors including the content of fiber, erucic acid, sinapine, and glucosinolates. Through standard breeding programs, cultivars low in both erucic acid and total glucosinolates have been developed and are currently widely grown in Europe and Canada where these varieties are known as canola (7).All of the present low-glucosinolate commercial varieties have been derived from Brassica napus var Bronowski, which has low seed levels of alkenyl-and ,B-hydroxyalkenylglucosinolates (15). The reduced levels of these glucosinolates in canola varieties lead to correspondingly low levels of their respective isothiocyanates and oxazolidine-2-thiones in canola meal, a valuable by-product ofcanola oil production. This characteristic increases the palatability and decreases the goitrogenic nature of canola meal in comparison to rapeseed ' Supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. 2Present address:

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“…It has long been known (Schwarze, 1949) (Fenwick and Hoggan, 1976 ;Fenwick and Curtis, 1980). Sinapine is degraded in the rat gut (Bille etal., 1983) ; in the caeca of poultry it gives rise to trimethylamine (TMA) (Mutter, Coleman and Clandinin, 19781.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of rapeseed meal. 5. Effects of sinapine and other phenolic compounds on food intake and nutrient utilization in growing rats

Vermorel¹,

HOCOUEMILLER²,

Evrard³

et al. 1987

Reprod. Nutr. Dévelop.

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Summary. Six groups of 10 growing rats each were fed ad libitum for 15 days one of six diets : diet A, rapeseed (3.80 g of sinapine/kg DM) ; diet B, ethanol/water-extracted rapeseed (0.48 g of sinapine) ; diet C, control diet ; diet G, control diet + 3.74 g of extracted sinapine ; diet H, control diet + 3.72 g of sinapine + other phenolic compounds ; or diet I, control diet + the hydrolysis products of sinapine and other phenolic compounds.During the first 8 days, the dry matter intake and live weight gain of the rats were significantly reduced by the intake of sinapine and other phenolic compounds. However, after this adaptation period their performances were similar to those of the control group. Dry matter, energy and nitrogen digestibility and protein utilization were not altered by sinapine intake but were slightly reduced with diets H and I.Introduction.

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Rapeseed meal and its use in poultry diets. A review

Cited by 82 publications

References 169 publications

Caecal fermentation characteristics, blood composition and growth of rabbits on substitution of soya-bean meal by unconventional high-glucosinolate mustard (Brassica juncea) meal as protein supplement

Caecal fermentation characteristics, blood composition and growth of rabbits on substitution of soya-bean meal by unconventional high-glucosinolate mustard (Brassica juncea) meal as protein supplement

Purification and Characterization of Methionine:Glyoxylate Aminotransferase from Brassica carinata and Brassica napus

Valorization of rapeseed meal. 5. Effects of sinapine and other phenolic compounds on food intake and nutrient utilization in growing rats

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