2018
DOI: 10.1177/0022034518759302
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Abstract: The chronic inflammatory immune response triggered by the infection of the tooth root canal system results in the local upregulation of RANKL, resulting in periapical bone loss. While RANKL has a well-characterized role in the control of bone homeostasis/pathology, it can play important roles in the regulation of the immune system, although its possible immunoregulatory role in infectious inflammatory osteolytic conditions remains largely unknown. Here, we used a mouse model of infectious inflammatory periapic… Show more

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Cited by 40 publications
(55 citation statements)
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“…On the other hand, a cell culture study demonstrated that the RANK and RANKL factors are not sufficient for the firm and static union between osteoblasts and osteoclasts and that the ICAM-1/LFA molecules are necessary to the effective adhesion between these cells during the osteoclastogenesis (Okada et al 2002). However, those present in vivo findings confirm the requirement of RANKL expressed on osteoblasts for osteoclasts maturation and the crucial involvement of the RANK and RANKL in periapical lesion development, as previously described (Vernal et al 2006, Bezerra da Silva et al 2014, Braz-Silva et al 2018, Francisconi et al 2019, Howait et al 2019, Jakovljevic et al 2019. These osteoclastogenesis mediators were increased in the larger periapical lesions of the KO mice, even in the absence of an important adhesion molecule.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 83%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…On the other hand, a cell culture study demonstrated that the RANK and RANKL factors are not sufficient for the firm and static union between osteoblasts and osteoclasts and that the ICAM-1/LFA molecules are necessary to the effective adhesion between these cells during the osteoclastogenesis (Okada et al 2002). However, those present in vivo findings confirm the requirement of RANKL expressed on osteoblasts for osteoclasts maturation and the crucial involvement of the RANK and RANKL in periapical lesion development, as previously described (Vernal et al 2006, Bezerra da Silva et al 2014, Braz-Silva et al 2018, Francisconi et al 2019, Howait et al 2019, Jakovljevic et al 2019. These osteoclastogenesis mediators were increased in the larger periapical lesions of the KO mice, even in the absence of an important adhesion molecule.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 83%
“…However, those present in vivo findings confirm the requirement of RANKL expressed on osteoblasts for osteoclasts maturation and the crucial involvement of the RANK and RANKL in periapical lesion development, as previously described (Vernal et al , Bezerra da Silva et al , Braz‐Silva et al , Francisconi et al . , Howait et al , Jakovljevic et al ). These osteoclastogenesis mediators were increased in the larger periapical lesions of the KO mice, even in the absence of an important adhesion molecule.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Armada et al [66] analysed the expression and distribution of RANK, RANKL and OPG in periradicular cysts and found higher expressions of RANK and RANKL in the connective tissue during presence of chronic inflammatory infiltrate compared to mixed inflammatory infiltrate. Another study investigated the possible association between expressions of RANKL and OPG and inflammatory infiltrate in the chronic AP, demonstrating that RANKL expression was increased in chronic inflammatory infiltrate containing lymphocytes (T and B cells) and macrophages [67].…”
Section: Rank/rankl/opg Systemmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Such findings reinforce the protective role of IL10 and IL4 producing cells, such as Tregs and Th2 subsets, via the upregulation of OPG, in accordance with previous studies. 47,49,50 However…”
Section: F I G U R E 3 Tbx21-1993 Snp and Its Association With Tbet mentioning
confidence: 99%