“…Water distribution networks (WDNs) are one of the most essential infrastructures for modern society. Due to accidental [1] or malicious reasons [28], water contamination incidents have been repeatedly reported all over the world, which not only disrupt the water supply but also endanger the public health. With the development of sensor technologies, water quality sensors are often deployed at the critical points of WDNs to collect real-time data regarding water quality.…”