Random quasi-phase-matching in bulk polycrystalline isotropic nonlinear materials

Baudrier-Raybaut, M.; Haïdar, Riad; Kupecek, Ph.; Lemasson, Ph.; Rosencher, E.

doi:10.1038/nature03027

Cited by 338 publications

(270 citation statements)

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“…Chirped QPM gratings have been utilized to manipulate short pulses both in second harmonic generation (SHG) [9,10,11], difference frequency generation (DFG) [12], and in parametric amplification [10,13]. Recent application showed that by using a disordered material (random QPM), an extreme broad bandwidth was obtained, although at a price of severe reduction of the conversion efficiencies [14]. While in standard frequency conversion processes, the crystal parameters and the pump intensity should be precisely matched in order to reach high conversion efficiency, here, by utilizing adiabatic frequency conversion one can still reach near to 100% conversion efficiency over a broad wavelength and temperature range.…”

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confidence: 99%

Geometrical representation of sum frequency generation and adiabatic frequency conversion

et al. 2008

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We present a geometrical representation of sum frequency generation process in the undepleted pump approximation. The analogy of such dynamics with the known optical Bloch equations is discussed. We use this analogy to present a novel technique for the achievement of both high efficiency and large bandwidth in a sum frequency conversion processes using adiabatic inversion scheme, adapted from NMR and light-matter interaction. The adiabatic constraints are derived in this context. Last, this adiabatic frequency conversion scheme is realized experimentally by a proper design of adiabatic aperiodically poled KTP device, using quasi phased matched method. In the experiments we achieved high efficiency signal to idler conversion over a bandwidth of 140nm.PACS numbers: 42.65. Ky, 42.25.Fx, 42.70.Qs The generation of tunable frequency optical radiation typically relies on nonlinear frequency conversion in crystals. In this process, light of two frequencies is mixed in a nonlinear crystal, resulting in the generation of a third color with their sum or difference frequency. These three-wave mixing processes, also known as frequency up-conversion or frequency down-conversion are typically very sensitive to the incoming frequencies, owing to lack of phase matching of the propagating waves. Thus, angle, temperature or other tuning mechanisms are needed to support efficient frequency conversion. This difficulty is of particular importance when trying to efficiently convert broadband optical signals, since simultaneous phase matching of a broad frequency range is difficult.Solving the general form of the wave equations governing three wave mixing processes in nonlinear process is not an easy task. Under certain conditions these can be simplified to three nonlinear coupled equations. Further simplification can be applied when one incoming wave (termed pump) is much stronger than the other two. In the "undepleted pump" approximation, two linear coupled equation are obtained rather than three nonlinear ones [1]. In the case of sum frequency generation (SFG) process, this simplified system possesses SU(2) symmetry, sharing its dynamical behavior with other two states systems, such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) or the interaction of coherent light with a two-level atom. In this letter we explore the dynamical symmetry of SFG process in analogy with the well known two level system dynamics [2]. We also apply a geometrical visualization using the approach presented by Bloch [3] and Feynman et al. [4] in NMR and light-matter interaction, respectively. The simple vector form of the coupling equation allows for new physical insight into the problem of fre- * Electronic address: Haim.suchowski@weizmann.ac.il quency conversion, enabling a more intuitive understanding of the effects of spatially varying coupling and phase mismatch. The utility of this approach is demonstrated by introducing a robust, highly efficient broadband color conversion scheme, based on an equivalent mechanism for achieving full population inversion in at...

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Geometrical representation of sum frequency generation and adiabatic frequency conversion

et al. 2008

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“…However, their simplicity, compared to other nonlinear tunable devices based on more sophisticated superstructures of inverted domains, makes them attractive sources for the development of advanced multi-photon devices. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Substantially less explored is the capability of these systems to manipulate and control the polarization state of the generated nonlinear beams in a broad frequency range. The simultaneous presence of two or more different phase matching processes, involving different polarization states, is of interest in many applications.…”

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Ultrabroadband generation of multiple concurrent nonlinear coherent interactions in random quadratic media

Mateos

Molina

Galisteo‐López

et al. 2013

Applied Physics Letters

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Triply coincident nonlinear second harmonic interactions continuously tunable in an extremely large spectral range (800-1400 nm) are demonstrated in strontium barium niobate random quadratic crystal. The spectral dependence of the triple process is in agreement with a first order quasi-phasematching collinear interaction. The analysis of the polarization states of the generated beams reveals mutually coherent interactions between different processes simultaneously contributing to the total intensity. The results constitute a necessary step in the implementation of ultra-broadband entangled photon pairs from randomly poled structures and are relevant to a wide range of applications, for which broadband polarization controlled light is required. V C 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.[http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4819855] Ferroelectric crystals exhibiting random distribution of alternate domains are increasingly employed in nonlinear optics to design compact multi-wavelength light sources, since they allow for the simultaneous phase matching of several nonlinear processes. In these systems, the generation of multiple nonlinear interactions, as well as their tunable response, occurs at the expense of the efficiency. However, their simplicity, compared to other nonlinear tunable devices based on more sophisticated superstructures of inverted domains, makes them attractive sources for the development of advanced multi-photon devices. 1-7 Substantially less explored is the capability of these systems to manipulate and control the polarization state of the generated nonlinear beams in a broad frequency range. The simultaneous presence of two or more different phase matching processes, involving different polarization states, is of interest in many applications. Polarization-entangled photon pairs, useful for quantum computing and communications, 8 polarization-free frequency converters, valuable for laser fibers and optical communications, 9 or all optical devices, including all optical isolators or polarization switchers, 10,11 are some examples of optical devices that could take advantage of concurrent nonlinear phase-matching processes in a single crystal. Moreover, multipartite quantum entanglement or the possibility to obtain quantum correlation without interferometers have been proposed when a set of three or more photons with different polarization states are simultaneously phase-matched in an optical parametric oscillator. 12,13 In this context, triply concurrent nonlinearities, namely, type 0, type I, and type II second harmonic generation (SHG), have been demonstrated in a carefully designed multi-grating periodically poled KTiOPO 4 crystal, after accurate wavelength and temperature control. 14 The complexity in the sample preparation and experimental set-up can be strongly simplified by using quadratic random nonlinear media as nonlinear optical sources. In this letter, we have focused our attention on as-grown congruent Strontium Barium Niobate (SBN) crystal due to its large nonlinear coefficients and to the presence o...

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“…The initial characterization and selection of the best part is much desired so as to derive maximum efficiency in further applications. Apart from the applications, where some special types of aperiodicity are necessary (for example, Fibonacci-or Cantor-type nonlinear gratings [23][24][25], stochastic disordered structures [2,[25][26][27]), a higher regularity is required. Thus, it is appropriate to select the regular parts by analyzing the visible nonlinear signal, and then to recommend this part for applications in other spectral ranges.…”

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Mapping of periodically poled crystals via spontaneous parametric down-conversion

et al. 2005

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Random quasi-phase-matching in bulk polycrystalline isotropic nonlinear materials

Cited by 338 publications

References 20 publications

Geometrical representation of sum frequency generation and adiabatic frequency conversion

Geometrical representation of sum frequency generation and adiabatic frequency conversion

Ultrabroadband generation of multiple concurrent nonlinear coherent interactions in random quadratic media

Mapping of periodically poled crystals via spontaneous parametric down-conversion

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