“…Several candidates have been suggested, including speed of processing (Kail, Hall, & Caskey, 1999), visual attention span (Bosse, Tainturier, & Valdois, 2007), visual processing (Stainthorp, Powell, Stuart, Quinlan, & Garwood, 2010), serial processing (Georgiou, Parrila, Cui, & Papadopoulos, 2013), and higher level cognitive control (Protopapas, Altani, & Georgiou, 2013), whereas it was Bowers and Wolf (1993) who first suggested a mechanism whereby cognitive factors underlying poor RAN performance could lead to reading deficits by impairing orthographic knowledge. This could present a clear developmental impediment, as reading is thought to shift from a reliance on decoding to orthographic processes as the reading system matures (Ehri, 2005).…”