Raloxifene lowers ischaemia susceptibility by increasing nitric oxide generation in the heart of ovariectomized rats in vivo

Cardioprotective effects of long-term treatment with raloxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in ovariectomized rats

“…Other previous studies also showed that acutely administered RAL can improve coronary perfusion, cardiac contractility, and myocardial metabolism in the ischemic canine heart 18 and lower ischemia susceptibility caused by vasoconstrictors in the heart of Ovx rats. 19 Furthermore, the other SERM, tamoxifen, has been reported to possess pronounced anti-arrhythmic effects on the MI/R injury model in Ovx rats. 26 Besides during the ischemic period, acutely administered RAL reduced the incidence of VF also during the reperfusion period.…”

“…18 A 2-week period of oral RAL therapy lowers vasopressin-induced ischemia susceptibility by increasing nitric oxide generation in the heart of ovariectomized (Ovx) rats in vivo. 19 Suppression of the bone-resorbing cytokine interleukin-6 in cultured human osteoblasts 20 and amelioration of carrageenan-induced acute inflammation in normal and Ovx rats 21 further showed evidence of the anti-inflammatory effects of RAL. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the cardioprotective effect of long-term (8 wk) treatment with RAL in an open-chest model of MI/R in anesthetized Ovx rats.…”

The Effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) on TNBS-induced Colitis in Ovariectomized Rats

“…Bilateral ovariectomies were performed under intraperitoneally administered ketamine and xylazine HCl anesthesia using a dorsal approach in all animals; the rats were kept for 1 month to recover and adapt to the absence of endogenous estrogen. The 1-month duration for ovariectomized animals was previously used in the same experimental model successfully, and it has been reported that this protocol produced postmenopausal changes in ovariectomized animals [27,28].…”

Les SERM(s)

“…Les estrogènes comme les SERMs ont un effet favorable sur le métabolisme lipidique en diminuant des LDL-lipoprotéines et en favorisant la dilatation coronarienne NO-dépendante chez la rate ovariectomisée [7]. En revanche, ils modifient la coagulation sanguine dans le sens d'une élévation des index de coagulation.…”