Radiopharmaceutical therapy in cancer: clinical advances and challenges

Sgouros, George; Bodei, Lisa; McDevitt, Michael R.; Nedrow, Jessie R.

doi:10.1038/s41573-020-0073-9

Cited by 494 publications

(515 citation statements)

References 245 publications

(178 reference statements)

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“…In contrast, targeted radionuclide therapy can selectively deliver radiation dose to cancer cells using radiopharmaceuticals consisted of a targeting ligand (e.g., monoclonal antibody) and a therapeutic radionuclide (Fig. 2 a) [ 80 , 81 ]. Currently, three types of radionuclides are in clinical use or preclinical evaluation: β − particles, Auger electrons, and α particles, which damage DNA either by direct ionization of DNA strands or through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 82 ].…”

Section: Nanobodies For Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanobody: a promising toolkit for molecular imaging and disease therapy

et al. 2021

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Nanobodies are the recombinant variable domains of heavy-chain-only antibodies, with many unique properties such as small size, excellent solubility, superior stability, quick clearance from blood, and deep tissue penetration. As a result, nanobodies have become a promising tool for the diagnosis and therapy of diseases. As imaging tracers, nanobodies allow an early acquisition of high-quality images, provide a comprehensive evaluation of the disease, and subsequently enable a personalized precision therapy. As therapeutic agents, nanobodies enable a targeted therapy by lesion-specific delivery of drugs and effector domains, thereby improving the specificity and efficacy of the therapy. Up to date, a wide variety of nanobodies have been developed for a broad range of molecular targets and have played a significant role in patients with a broad spectrum of diseases. In this review, we aim to outline the current state-of-the-art research on the nanobodies for medical applications and then discuss the challenges and strategies for their further clinical translation.

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Section: Nanobodies For Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanobody: a promising toolkit for molecular imaging and disease therapy

et al. 2021

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“… 130 The radionuclide labeled anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody ( 90 Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan) approved by FDA has been put on the market, 131 and 44 kinds of these drugs in the treatment of solid tumors and hematological malignant tumors are in clinical trials. 132 , 133 When common radiopharmaceuticals are used in RIT, while the advantage of long half-life brings bad pharmacokinetic characteristics to radionuclides and poor permeability to tumors, which limits their targeting effect. By comparison, the radiolabeled Nb is more targeted and can be quickly removed from the blood.…”

Section: Nanobody In Combination With Other Tumor Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanobody: A Small Antibody with Big Implications for Tumor Therapeutic Strategy

Sun¹,

Ding²,

Yang³

et al. 2021

IJN

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The development of monoclonal antibody treatments for successful tumor-targeted therapies took several decades. However, the efficacy of antibody-based therapy is still confined and desperately needs further improvement. Nanobodies are the recombinant variable domains of heavy-chain-only antibodies, with many unique properties such as small size (~15kDa), excellent solubility, superior stability, ease of manufacture, quick clearance from blood, and deep tissue penetration, which gain increasing acceptance as therapeutical tools and are considered also as building blocks for chimeric antigen receptors as well as for targeted drug delivery. Thus, one of the promising novel developments that may address the deficiency of monoclonal antibody-based therapies is the utilization of nanobodies. This article provides readers the significant factors that the structural and biochemical properties of nanobodies and the research progress on nanobodies in the fields of tumor treatment, as well as their application prospect.

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“…Such agents are used in radiation medicine/oncology treatments. The term “theranostic radiopharmaceutical” means the same nonradioactive targeting ligand or radiochemical chelator carries either i) a diagnostic radionuclide to assess tumor uptake and any spread of cancer elsewhere in the body, or ii) a therapeutic radionuclide as treatment ( 28 ). We forecast that next generation radiopharmaceuticals likely will bear both a diagnostic and a therapeutic radionuclide at the same time.…”

Section: Challenges and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiopharmaceutical Validation for Clinical Use

Kunos

Chauhan

et al. 2021

Front. Oncol.

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Radiopharmaceuticals are reemerging as attractive anticancer agents, but there are no universally adopted guidelines or standardized procedures for evaluating agent validity before early-phase trial implementation. To validate a radiopharmaceutical, it is desirous for the radiopharmaceutical to be specific, selective, and deliverable against tumors of a given, molecularly defined cancer for which it is intended to treat. In this article, we discuss four levels of evidence—target antigen immunohistochemistry, in vitro and in vivo preclinical experiments, animal biodistribution and dosimetry studies, and first-in-human microdose biodistribution studies—that might be used to justify oncology therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals in a drug-development sequence involving early-phase trials. We discuss common practices for validating radiopharmaceuticals for clinical use, everyday pitfalls, and commonplace operationalizing steps for radiopharmaceutical early-phase trials. We anticipate in the near-term that radiopharmaceutical trials will become a larger proportion of the National Cancer Institute Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (CTEP) portfolio.

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Radiopharmaceutical therapy in cancer: clinical advances and challenges

Cited by 494 publications

References 245 publications

Nanobody: a promising toolkit for molecular imaging and disease therapy

Nanobody: a promising toolkit for molecular imaging and disease therapy

Nanobody: A Small Antibody with Big Implications for Tumor Therapeutic Strategy

Radiopharmaceutical Validation for Clinical Use

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