Radionuclides and heavy metals concentrations in Turkish market tea

Görür, Filiz Korkmaz; Keser, Recep; Akçay, Nilay; Dizman, Serdar; Okumuşoğlu, N. T.

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.06.005

Cited by 50 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Among the main sources of Pb in the environment are leaded fuel, waste incineration, and industry [37]. Lead pollution is correlated with urbanization and population density.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Macro- and Microelement Levels in Black Tea in View of Its Geographical Origin

Brzezicha-Cirocka

Grembecka

Ciesielski

et al. 2016

Biol Trace Elem Res

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the elemental composition of black tea samples and their infusions in view of their geographical origin. In total, 14 elements were analyzed, 13 (Ca, K, Mg, Na, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Co, Cd, and Pb) by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, and P by UV-Vis spectrometry, after mineralization of samples. It was found that K was the most abundant macroelement in the analyzed samples, whereas among microelements, the highest concentration was found for Mn. Based on the obtained data, the percentage of elements leached into the infusions as well as the daily elemental intake from tea were calculated. The daily intake from tea was compared to the recommended daily allowances (RDAs), and the highest percentages of the RDAs were found for Mn (15 %) and Co (10 %). To study the relations between elemental composition and country of origin of samples, factor analysis and cluster analysis were applied. These multivariate techniques proved to be efficient tools able to differentiate samples according to their provenance as well as plantation within the common regions.

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“…Among the main sources of Pb in the environment are leaded fuel, waste incineration, and industry [37]. Lead pollution is correlated with urbanization and population density.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lead pollution is correlated with urbanization and population density. Moreover, higher levels of this heavy metal in tea samples can be attributed to contamination during the process of tea production and its packing [37]. Cadmium found in tea leaves might be a result of phosphate and zinc fertilizers usage [38].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Macro- and Microelement Levels in Black Tea in View of Its Geographical Origin

Brzezicha-Cirocka

Grembecka

Ciesielski

et al. 2016

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…Worldwide tea is one of the most popular beverages, second only to water [1]. The top growers and harvesters of herbal teas are India, Asia, the Middle East, and South America [2]. The benefits of herbal tea are touted by many for their medicinal, stress relieving, and antioxidant properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Risk of Metal(loid)s in Thelesperma megapotamicum Tea Plant

Samuel-Nakamura

Hodge

2019

Plants

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This study reports on the harvesting, ingestion, and contamination of American Indian tea Thelesperma megapotamicum grown on the Navajo Reservation in New Mexico. Uranium (U) and co-metal(loid)s (As, Cd, Cs, Mo, Pb, Se, Th, and V) have contaminated local soil and plants. Tea plants were gathered for analysis near U mining impacted areas. The study collected samples of wild tea plants (n = 14), roots (n = 14), and soil (n = 12) that were analyzed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Tea harvesting activities, behavior, and ingestion information were collected via questionnaires. Harvesting took place in community fields and near roadways. Results indicate edible foliage concentration levels for Cd exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) raw medicinal plant permissible level guidelines. Tea samples collected near high traffic areas had significantly greater Cd and Mo concentrations than those collected near low traffic areas (p < 0.001). Tea sample metal(loid) concentration levels ranged from 0.019–7.916 mg/kg. When compared to established food guidelines including the WHO provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI), reference dietary intake, recommended dietary allowance, and the tolerable upper limit (UL), Cd exceeded the WHO guidelines but none exceeded the PTWI nor the UL. These findings warrant improved standardization and establishment of universal guidelines for metal(loid) intake in food.

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“…The safety issues of tea and its bioactive components should never be ignored despite its prominent health functions. There are several suspicions regarding the safety of tea, such as pollution by heavy metals, pesticide residues, and mycotoxin production during fermentation and storage, and the toxicity of high doses of its bioactive components [27,[209][210][211] The potential safety issues of tea are summarized in Table 5. Ameliorate gastric ulcer, by decreasing the activity of myeloperoxidase and the concentration of asymmetric arginine in gastric mucosal homogenate.…”

Section: Potential Safety Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Functions and Related Molecular Mechanisms of Tea Components: An Update Review

Tang

Meng

Gan

et al. 2019

IJMS

242

150

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Tea is widely consumed all over the world. Generally, tea is divided into six categories: White, green, yellow, oolong, black, and dark teas, based on the fermentation degree. Tea contains abundant phytochemicals, such as polyphenols, pigments, polysaccharides, alkaloids, free amino acids, and saponins. However, the bioavailability of tea phytochemicals is relatively low. Thus, some novel technologies like nanotechnology have been developed to improve the bioavailability of tea bioactive components and consequently enhance the bioactivity. So far, many studies have demonstrated that tea shows various health functions, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immuno-regulatory, anticancer, cardiovascular-protective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and hepato-protective effects. Moreover, it is also considered that drinking tea is safe to humans, since reports about the severe adverse effects of tea consumption are rare. In order to provide a better understanding of tea and its health potential, this review summarizes and discusses recent literature on the bioactive components, bioavailability, health functions, and safety issues of tea, with special attention paid to the related molecular mechanisms of tea health functions.

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Radionuclides and heavy metals concentrations in Turkish market tea

Cited by 50 publications

References 15 publications

Evaluation of Macro- and Microelement Levels in Black Tea in View of Its Geographical Origin

Evaluation of Macro- and Microelement Levels in Black Tea in View of Its Geographical Origin

Occurrence and Risk of Metal(loid)s in Thelesperma megapotamicum Tea Plant

Health Functions and Related Molecular Mechanisms of Tea Components: An Update Review

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