We report on the
synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of
a new series of coordinating monothiosemicarbazones incorporating
aromatic backbones, featuring O/N/S donor centers monosubstituted
with different aliphatic, aromatic, fluorinated, and amine-functionalized
groups at their N centers. Their ability to bind metal ions such as
Zn(II) and Ga(III) was explored, and the formation of two different
coordination isomers of the Zn(II) complex was demonstrated by X-ray
diffraction studies using synchrotron radiation. These studies showed
the planar geometry for the coordinated mono(thiosemicarbazone) ligand
and that the metal center can adopt either a heavily distorted tetrahedral
Zn center (placed in an N/S/S/N environment, with CN = 4) or a pseudo-octahedral
geometry, where the Zn(II) center is in the O/N/S/S/N/O environment,
and CN = 6. Furthermore, 2-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-3,5-diphenyl-2
H
-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays and cellular imaging
in living cells were subsequently performed in two different cancer
cell lines: PC-3 (a standard cell line derived from a bone metastasis
of a stage IV prostate cancer) and EMT6 (a commercial murine mammary
carcinoma cell line). The radiolabeling of new functional and aromatic
monothiosemicarbazones with either gallium-68 (under pH control) or
fluorine-18 is discussed. The potential of this class of compounds
to act as synthetic scaffolds for molecular imaging agents of relevance
to positron emission tomography was evaluated
in vitro
, and the cellular uptake of a simultaneously fluorinated and [
68
Ga]-labeled mono(thiosemicarbazone) was investigated and
is reported here.