Radiation detectors based on gas electron multipliers (Review)

Buzulutskov, A.

doi:10.1134/s0020441207030013

Cited by 59 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Cryogenic two-phase avalanche detectors are referred to as cryogenic detectors operated in an electron-avalanching mode in saturated vapour above the liquid phase [1,2]. Largevolume detectors of this kind have many potential applications in rare-event experiments: coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering [4], dark matter search [5,6,7], solar [8] and long baseline [9] neutrino detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thick GEM versus thin GEM in two-phase argon avalanche detectors

et al. 2008

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The performance of thick GEMs (THGEMs) was compared to that of thin GEMs in two-phase Ar avalanche detectors, in view of their potential application in coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering, dark-matter search and in other rare-event experiments. The detectors comprised a 1 cm thick liquid-Ar layer followed by either a double-THGEM or a triple-GEM multiplier, operated in the saturated vapor above the liquid phase. Three types of THGEMs were studied: those made of G10 and Kevlar and that with resistive electrodes (RETHGEM). Only the G10-made THGEM showed a stable performance in two-phase Ar with gains reaching 3000. Successful operation of two-phase Ar avalanche detectors with either thin-or thick-GEM multipliers was demonstrated at low detection thresholds, of 4 and 20 primary electrons respectively. Compared to the triple-GEM the double-THGEM multiplier yielded slower anode signals; this allowed applying a pulse-shape analysis to effectively reject noise signals. Noise rates of both multipliers were evaluated in two-phase Ar; with detection thresholds of 20 electrons and applying pulseshape analysis noise levels as low as 0.007 Hz per 1 cm 2 of active area were reached.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thick GEM versus thin GEM in two-phase argon avalanche detectors

et al. 2008

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“…Such detectors have potential applications in rare-event experiments and in the medical imaging field: in particular, in coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering [5], dark matter search [6,7,8] and Positron Emission Tomography [2]. Their performances in Ar, Kr and Xe were described elsewhere [9,10,11,12,13,14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two-phase avalanche detectors are referred to as those operated with noble liquids in an electron avalanching mode [1,2], using Gas Electron Multipliers (GEMs) [3] or thick GEMs (THGEMs) [4] operated in saturated vapor above the liquid phase. Such detectors have potential applications in rare-event experiments and in the medical imaging field: in particular, in coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering [5], dark matter search [6,7,8] and Positron Emission Tomography [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent results on the properties of two-phase argon avalanche detectors

Bondar

Grebenuk

Pavlyuchenko

et al. 2009

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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The characteristic properties of two-phase Ar avalanche detectors, including those obtained with CsI photocathode, are further studied. Such detectors are relevant in the field of coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering and dark matter search experiments. The detectors investigated comprised a 1 cm thick liquid Ar layer followed by a triple-GEM multiplier. In these detectors, typical gains reaching 10 4 were obtained with good reproducibility and a stable operation for at least one day was demonstrated. Amplitude and pulse-shape characteristics are presented under irradiation with X-rays, gamma-rays and neutrons from different radioactive sources. The detection of both primary scintillation and ionization signals at higher gains, at a deposited energy of 60 keV, has been demonstrated.

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“…Historically, the Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) was first developed by F. Sauli in 1996 at the Center of European Nuclear Research (CERN) (Sauli, 1997(Sauli, , 2000Buzulutskov, 2007). Gas Electron Multiplier is a part of the micropattern gas detectors and is considered one of its most useful configurations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of their useful features, GEM-based radiation detectors are getting much attention. In particular, with their attractive applications, GEM-based detectors are being used in high energy physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, and the medical-imaging field (Buzulutskov, 2007). At present, GEM based detectors are used in tracking detectors (Altunbas et al, 2002;Ketzer et al, 2004;Aulchenko et al, 2002;Bozzo et al, 2004;GDD) including those operating in intense particle fluxes (Bachmann et al, 2001), fast detectors for trigger systems (Alfonsi et al, 2004a(Alfonsi et al, , 2004b, endcap detectors for time-projection chambers (TESLA, 2001;Karlen et al, 2005;Ableev et al, 2005;TPC, 2006), Cherenkov detectors (Fraenkel et al, 2005;Kozlov et al, 2004) and many other detector experiments (Buzulutskov 2007;GDD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%