Radiation Damage Studies of Lasers and Photodiodes for Use in Multi-Gb/s Optical Data Links

Troska, J.; Détraz, S.; Nasr-storey, S. Seif El; Stejskal, Pavel; Sigaud, Christophe; Soós, C.; Vasey, F.

doi:10.1109/tns.2011.2172633

Cited by 56 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…As we discussed, we considered a VCSEL because of its low cost and its low divergence angle with circular beam waist as compared to edge emitting lasers. In addition, VCSELs can be radiation resistant, which make them attractive for HEP applications [9]. The VCSEL (1550 nm, 1 mW optical output power and 16 • Full Width at Half Maximum divergence angle) was directly modulated at 2.5 Gb/s by Pseudo Random Bit Sequence (PRBS) NRZ data with a length of 2 15 -1 bits.…”

Section: 5 Gb/s Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The receiver consisted of a PIN photodiode (sensitive area of 60 µm, 3-dB bandwidth of 1.8 GHz) with trans-impedance amplifier (TIA). Also, the photodiode was demonstrated to be radiation hard [9]. It was placed on a similar 3-axis translator stage to set the photodiode active area at the focal point of the ball lens.…”

Section: 5 Gb/s Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The VCSEL was chosen because of its radiation hardness and the selected wavelength (1550 nm) was outside the absorption spectrum of the silicon strip sensors. The InGaAs photodiode with small area was already demonstrated to be radiation hard [9], while the fused silica/quartz ball lens has to be tested to proof the reliability in particle detectors. We already planned future experiments to test all the devices in high dose X-rays environment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

2.5 Gb/s Simple Optical Wireless Communication System for Particle Detectors in High Energy Physics

Ali¹,

Cossu²,

Corsini³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 25th International Workshop on Vertex Detectors — PoS(Vertex 2016)

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We demonstrated low cost and power-efficient a 2.5 Gb/s optical wireless transmission system at 10 cm distance, which should be employed in high-energy physics experiments such as Compact Muon Solenoid. The system uses an off-the-shelf VCSEL and a PIN photodiode with proper ball lens. Its most attractive feature is that it does not need a complex active tracking system because its measured tolerance to misalignment is around ±1 mm at Bit Error Rate of 10 −12 . The experimental results show that this can be a viable solution for future HEP experiments.

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Section: 5 Gb/s Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 5 Gb/s Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

2.5 Gb/s Simple Optical Wireless Communication System for Particle Detectors in High Energy Physics

Ali¹,

Cossu²,

Corsini³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 25th International Workshop on Vertex Detectors — PoS(Vertex 2016)

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“…It shows that at the expected neutron fluence and ionizing dose at the HL-LHC the devices' leakage current will increase by 22 and 12 nA, respectively. For comparison, the increase in leakage current expected for InGaAs photodiodes used in the on-detector receivers of the optical links currently installed at the LHC is of the order of a few microamperes [15].…”

Section: A Effect Of Radiation On Leakage Currentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Radiation on a Mach–Zehnder Interferometer Silicon Modulator for HL-LHC Data Transmission Applications

Nasr-storey

Bœuf

Baudot

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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High-speed Mach-Zehnder interferometer silicon modulators were irradiated with neutrons and X-rays in two separate radiation tests. The devices were exposed to a total fluence of neutrons/cm and a total ionizing dose of 1.3 MGy; levels comparable to the worst radiation levels for a tracking detector after 10 years of operation at the High-Luminosity LHC. Our measurements indicate that the devices' performance does not significantly degrade after exposure to nonionizing radiation and begins to be affected by ionizing radiation after a dose of a few hundred kGy; the phase-shift for an applied reverse bias of 1 V is 10% of its preirradiated value after 600 kGy of received ionizing dose.Index Terms-High-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), optoelectronics, radiation damage, silicon photonics, total ionizing dose (TID).

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“…Ho is not the only concern. Notably, th meet the requirements of the H system, which foresees an increase and an increase of the bandwidth u the FE boards and the off-detector e of the new 10 Gb/s optical links cu at CERN [16], ECAL will be able crystals at 40 MHz. This will allow implemented in the Front End Ele detector where commercially av employed.…”

Section: Ecal Barrel Electmentioning

confidence: 99%

The CMS electromagnetic calorimeter barrel upgrade for High-Luminosity LHC

Obertino

2014

2014 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)

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The High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) will provide unprecedented instantaneous and integrated luminosity. The lead tungstate crystals forming the barrel part of the CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL) will still perform well, even after the expected 3000fb-1 at the end of HL-LHC. The avalanche photodiodes (APDs) used to detect the scintillation light have recently been exposed to the levels of radiation expected at the end of HL-LHC. Although they will continue to be operational, there will be some increase in noise due to radiation-induced dark-currents. Triggering CMS with 140 pileup events necessitates a change of the front-end electronics. New developments in high-speed optical links will allow single-crystal readout at 40 MHz. This will provide maximum flexibility and enhanced triggering possibilities when used in conjunction with upgraded off-detector processors. The very-front-end system will also be upgraded, to provide improved rejection of anomalous signals in the APDs as well as to mitigate the increase in APD noise. We are also considering lowering the ECAL barrel operating temperature from 18 degrees C to about 8-10 degrees C, in order to increase the scintillation light output and reduce the APD dark current. Presented at IEEE-NSS-MIC-2014 2014 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging ConferenceThe CMS elec upgrade f M. M. OAbstract-The High Luminosity LHC (HL-L unprecedented instantaneous and integrated lum tungstate crystals forming the barrel par Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL) will still p after the expected 3000 fb -1 at the end of HL-LH photodiodes (APDs) used to detect the scinti recently been exposed to the levels of radiatio end of HL-LHC. Although they will continue there will be some increase in noise due to dark-currents. Triggering CMS with ~14 necessitates a change of the front-end developments in high-speed optical links will a readout at 40 MHz. This will provide maximu enhanced triggering possibilities when used in upgraded off-detector processors. The very-fro also be upgraded, to provide improved reject signals in the APDs as well as to mitigate the noise. We are also considering lowering th operating temperature from 18 degrees C to a C, in order to increase the scintillation light o the APD dark current.

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Radiation Damage Studies of Lasers and Photodiodes for Use in Multi-Gb/s Optical Data Links

Cited by 56 publications

References 6 publications

2.5 Gb/s Simple Optical Wireless Communication System for Particle Detectors in High Energy Physics

2.5 Gb/s Simple Optical Wireless Communication System for Particle Detectors in High Energy Physics

Effect of Radiation on a Mach–Zehnder Interferometer Silicon Modulator for HL-LHC Data Transmission Applications

The CMS electromagnetic calorimeter barrel upgrade for High-Luminosity LHC

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