Racial Disparities in COVID-19 Outcomes Among Black and White Patients With Cancer

Fu, Julie; Reid, Sonya; French, Benjamin; Hennessy, Cassandra; Hwang, Clara; Gatson, Na Tosha N; Duma, Narjust; Mishra, Sanjay; Nguyen, Ryan; Hawley, Jessica E.; Singh, Sunny; Chism, David D.; Venepalli, Neeta K.; Warner, Jeremy L.; Choueiri, Toni K.; Schmidt, Andrew; Fecher, Leslie A.; Girard, Jennifer; Bilen, Mehmet Asım; Ravindranathan, Deepak; Goyal, Sharad; Wise‐Draper, Trisha M.; Park, Cathleen; Painter, Corrie; McGlown, Sheila M.; Lopes, Gilberto; Serrano, Oscar K.; Shah, Dimpy P.; Halmos, Balázs; Verma, Amit; Gartrell, Benjamin A.; Goel, Sanjay; Ohri, Nitin; Sica, R. Alejandro; Thakkar, Astha; Stockerl‐Goldstein, Keith; Butt, Omar H.; Campian, Jian; Fiala, Mark A.; Monahan, Ryan; Zhou, Alice; Patel, Jaymin; Piper-Vallillo, Andrew J.; Bindal, Poorva; Thompson, Michael A.; Bohachek, Pamela; Mundt, Daniel; Streckfuss, Mitrianna; Tadesse, Eyob; Lammers, Philip E.; Panagiotou, Orestis A.; Egan, Pamela; Farmakiotis, Dimitrios; Hina, Kazuyoshi; Olszewski, Adam J.; Loaiza‐Bonilla, Arturo; Prete, Salvatore A. Del; Angevine, Anne H.; Bär, Michael; Gulati, Anthony P.; Lo, K. M. Steve; Stratton, Jamie; Weinstein, Paul L.; Caimi, Paolo; Barnholtz‐Sloan, Jill S.; García, Jorge A.; Nakayama, John; Gupta, S; Pennell, Nathan A.; Ahluwalia, Manmeet; Dawsey, Scott J.; Lemmon, Christopher A.; Nizam, Amanda; Hoppenot, Claire; Li, Ang; Bakouny, Ziad; Bouchard, Gabrielle; Busser, Fiona; Connors, Jean M.; Curran, Catherine; Demetri, George D.; Giordano, Antonio; Kelleher, Kaitlin M.; Nohria, Anju; Shaw, Grace; Allen, Eli Van; Nuzzo, Pier Vitale; Xu, Vincent; Zon, Rebecca L.; Zhang, Tian; Halabi, Susan; Leighton, John; Lyman, Gary H.; Graber, Jerome; Grivas, Petros; Khaki, Ali Raza; Loggers, Elizabeth T.; Lynch, Ryan C.; Nakasone, Elizabeth S.; Schweizer, Michael T.; Tachiki, Lisa; Vinayak, Shaveta; Wagner, Michael J.; Yeh, Albert C.; Huynh‐Le, Minh‐Phuong; Rosenstein, Lori J.; Yu, Peter Paul; Clément, Jessica; Daher, Ahmad; Dailey, Mark; Elias, Rawad; Jayaraj, Asha; Hsu, Emily; Menendez, Alvaro G.; Rathmann, Joerg; Gadgeel, Shirish M.; Hershman, Dawn L.; Accordino, Melissa K.; Bhutani, Divaya; Schwartz, Gary K.; Reuben, Daniel Y.; Mushtaq, Sarah; Bernicker, Eric H.; Deeken, John F.; Shafer, Danielle; Lewis, Mark A.; Rhodes, Terence Duane; Gill, David; Low, Clarke A.; Mashru, Sandeep H.; Mansoor, Abdul-Hai; Zaren, Howard A.; Smith, Stephanie; Nagaraj, Gayathri; Akhtari, Mojtaba; Lau, Eric H Y; Reeves, Mark E.; Berg, Stephanie; Elms, Destry; Morgans, Alicia K.; Wehbe, Firas; Altman, Jessica K.; Gurley, Michael; Mulcahy, Mary F.; Durbin, Eric B.; Kulkarni, Amit; Nelson, Heather H.; Shah, Surbhi; Rosovsky, Rachel; Reynolds, Kerry L.; Bardia, Aditya; Boland, Genevieve M.; Gainor, Justin F.; Zubiri, Leyre; Halfdanarson, Thorvardur R.; Bekaii‐Saab, Tanios; Desai, Aakash; Xie, Zhuoer; Mesa, Ruben A.; Bonnen, Mark; Mahadevan, Daruka; Ramirez, Amelie G.; Salazar, Mary; Shah, Pankil; Faller, Bryan A.; McKay, Rana R.; Ajmera, Archana; Cabal, Angelo; Shaya, Justin; Weissmann, Lisa B.; Jani, Chinmay; Knoble, Jeanna; Glace, Mary Grace; Rink, Cameron; Stauffer, Karen; Zacks, Rosemary; Joshi, Monika; Menon, Harry; Rovito, Marc A.; Griffiths, Elizabeth A.; Elshoury, Amro; Jabbour, Salma K.; Shah, Mansi; Bashir, Babar; McNair, Christopher; Mahmood, Sana; Mico, Vasil; Miller, Chaim; Rivera, Andrea Verghese; Flora, Daniel B.; Logan, Barbara; Kloecker, Goetz; Mandapakala, Chaitanya; Shah, Sumit; Cabebe, Elwyn C.; Glover, Michael; Jha, Alokkumar; Schapira, Lidia; Wu, Julie Tsu-Yu; Subbiah, Suki; Revankar, Sanjay G.; Stover, Daniel G.; Addison, Daniel; Chen, James L.; Gatti‐Mays, Margaret E.; Jhawar, Sachin R.; Karivedu, Vidhya; Lustberg, Maryam B.; Palmer, Joshua D.; Pillainayagam, Clement; Wall, Sarah; Williams, Nicole; Wulff‐Burchfield, Elizabeth; Kasi, Anup; Edwin, Natasha; Smits, Melissa; Owenby, Susie; Doroshow, Deborah Blythe; Galsky, Matthew D.; Wotman, Michael; Zhu, Huili; Fazio, Alyson; Riess, Jonathan W.; Patel, Kanishka G.; Rubinstein, Samuel M.; Wood, William A.; Islam, Jessica Y.; Kumar, Vaibhav; Ahmad, Syed A.; Grover, Punita; Gulati, Shuchi; Kharofa, Jordan; Marcum, Michelle; Bowles, Daniel W.; Geiger, Christoper L.; Markham, Merry Jennifer; Bishnoi, Rohit; Russ, Atlantis Dawn; Shah, Chintan; Acoba, Jared D.; Rho, Young Soo; Feldman, Lawrence E.; Hoskins, Kent; Gantt, Gerald; Khan, Mahir; Pasquinelli, Mary; Schwartz, Candice; Vikas, Praveen; Friese, Christopher R.; Mavromatis, Blanche H.; Bijjula, Ragneel R.; Zaman, Qamar U.; Cheng, Alex; Davis, Elizabeth J.; Duda, Stephany N.; Enriquez, Kyle T.; Gillaspie, Erin A.; Hausrath, Daniel; Hsu, Chih–Yuan; Johnson, Douglas B.; Li, Xuanyi; Rini, Brian I.; Slosky, David A.; Shyr, Yu; Solórzano, Carmen C.; Sun, Tianyi; Tucker, Matthew D.; Vega-Luna, Karen; Wang, Lucy Lu; Puc, Matthew; Carducci, Theresa M.; Goldsmith, Karen J.; Loon, Susan Van; Topaloğlu, Ümit; Alimohamed, Saif; Rice, Robert L.; Cabalona, Wilhelmina D.; Pilar, Christine; Peddi, Prakash; Rosen, L; McCollough, Briana Barrow; Hafez, Navid; Herbst, Roy S.; LoRusso, Patricia; Masters, Tyler; Stratton, Catherine; Koshkin, Vadim S.; Kwon, Daniel H.; Peters, Solange

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4304

Cited by 49 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Patient race has also been observed as a risk factor for adverse COVID-19 outcomes [ 24 ], including among patients with cancer [ 25 ]. Only 47% of our cohort was non-Hispanic white, suggesting that we had high minority representation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographics, Outcomes, and Risk Factors for Patients with Sarcoma and COVID-19: A CCC19-Registry Based Retrospective Cohort Study

Wagner

Hennessy

Beeghly

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Background: Patients with sarcoma often require individualized treatment strategies and are likely to receive aggressive immunosuppressive therapies, which may place them at higher risk for severe COVID-19. We aimed to describe demographics, risk factors, and outcomes for patients with sarcoma and COVID-19. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with sarcoma and COVID-19 reported to the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium (CCC19) registry (NCT04354701) from 17 March 2020 to 30 September 2021. Demographics, sarcoma histologic type, treatments, and COVID-19 outcomes were analyzed. Results: of 281 patients, 49% (n = 139) were hospitalized, 33% (n = 93) received supplemental oxygen, 11% (n = 31) were admitted to the ICU, and 6% (n = 16) received mechanical ventilation. A total of 23 (8%) died within 30 days of COVID-19 diagnosis and 44 (16%) died overall at the time of analysis. When evaluated by sarcoma subtype, patients with bone sarcoma and COVID-19 had a higher mortality rate than patients from a matched SEER cohort (13.5% vs 4.4%). Older age, poor performance status, recent systemic anti-cancer therapy, and lung metastases all contributed to higher COVID-19 severity. Conclusions: Patients with sarcoma have high rates of severe COVID-19 and those with bone sarcoma may have the greatest risk of death.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographics, Outcomes, and Risk Factors for Patients with Sarcoma and COVID-19: A CCC19-Registry Based Retrospective Cohort Study

Wagner

Hennessy

Beeghly

et al. 2022

Cancers

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“…Multiple interconnected determinants of health, structural racism, and provider and system biases contribute to disparities and inequities across the healthcare spectrum. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] A test case for evaluating health inequities: Antibiotic prescribing for respiratory conditions in urgent care Intermountain Health is a nonprofit, integrated, healthcare delivery system in the Mountain West that operates 38 urgent-care clinics. We limited our exploratory analysis to encounters from July 1, 2018, to June 30, 2019, among adults aged ≥18 years.…”

Section: Healthcare Disparities and Inequities: Definitions For The C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Urgent-care antibiotic prescribing: An exploratory analysis to evaluate health inequities

Seibert

Hersh

Patel

et al. 2022

ASHE

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Healthcare disparities and inequities exist in a variety of environments and manifest in diagnostic and therapeutic measures. In this commentary, we highlight our experience examining our organization’s urgent care respiratory encounter antibiotic prescribing practices. We identified differences in prescribing based on several individual characteristics including patient age, race, ethnicity, preferred language, and patient and/or clinician gender. Our approach can serve as an electronic health record (EHR)–based methodology for disparity and inequity audits in other systems and for other conditions.

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“…This is reflected in disparate health outcomes in the U.S. 4 , 6 - 10 , 11 - 13 The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted these disparities, with Black, indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) communities experiencing higher rates of infection, hospitalization, and death from COVID-19. 14 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calling Your Aunt Bertha for Social Assets: Family Medicine and Social Determinants of Health

DeVetter

Westfall

Carrozza

et al. 2022

J Prim Care Community Health

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Purpose: The sociopolitical determinants of health drive health outcomes and inequities in the United States. Primary care practices are, increasingly, expected by payers and policy makers to assess patients’ social needs. Resource referral platforms provide physicians with information and referral systems for community resources. One commonly used platform is Aunt Bertha/Find Help (AB/FH). The American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) Neighborhood Navigator (NN) tool allows physicians and laypeople to search for resources using AB/FH. We sought to describe what users were searching for and to identify patterns to inform resource allocation. Methods: This was a descriptive study of the AAFP’s NN tool. Searches of NN were analyzed to describe what users were searching for. Results: From 2018 to April 2022 there were 168 135 searches. The most common searches were for food and housing insecurity (22%, 21%) and health care referral (20.6%) with 22% more searches in the winter than the spring. There was a 119% increase in searches between 2018 and 2022, and a 47% increase in searches during the COVID-19 Pandemic. In the “Health” category the top 20 subcategories accounted for over 77% of searches. Conclusions: Family physicians and their patients use NN to search AB/FH for community resources to address adverse social determinants of health (SDOH). As expected, searches increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. This type of analysis may help individual clinicians, practices, and health systems prepare for the most common social needs of their patients. Social resource platforms might serve as a robust measure for primary care practice screening and referral for SDOH.

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Racial Disparities in COVID-19 Outcomes Among Black and White Patients With Cancer

Cited by 49 publications

References 47 publications

Demographics, Outcomes, and Risk Factors for Patients with Sarcoma and COVID-19: A CCC19-Registry Based Retrospective Cohort Study

Demographics, Outcomes, and Risk Factors for Patients with Sarcoma and COVID-19: A CCC19-Registry Based Retrospective Cohort Study

Urgent-care antibiotic prescribing: An exploratory analysis to evaluate health inequities

Calling Your Aunt Bertha for Social Assets: Family Medicine and Social Determinants of Health

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