Questionnaire Survey of Dentists Who Made Their Own Mouthguards

Abstract

Bureau of health education. Mouthguards and sports team dentists. J Am Dent Assoc 109: 84-87, 1984. 4) Chapman PJ. Attitudes to mouthguards and prevalence of orofacial injuries in international rugby: a

Development and Efficacy of Gasless Reduced-Port Laparoscopic Surgery for Gynecological Diseases

“…G3P-LS has been used since the introduction of the GLS. 1,7 This technique uses an abdominal port, which is first created in the umbilicus by an open surgery method, for a 10-mm laparoscope. After lifting the abdominal wall, the left and right lower abdominal walls are pierced by two 12-mm trocars while being monitored by a laparoscope; the inner cylinder is removed, and only the outer sheath remains.…”

“…As a result, we introduced the subcutaneous abdominal wall lifting method (SAWL) in 1993. 1 SAWL and a similar technique, the abdominal wall fulllayer lifting method, are gasless procedures that do not use CO 2 insufflation. SAWL lifts the abdominal wall by inserting a steel wire under the skin, which creates and secures an operative field in the abdominal cavity.…”

“…Since we were the first to introduce this technique to gynecologic laparoscopic surgery in Japan, 1,7 and we published a Chinese instruction manual 13 in China in 2004 and a Japanese instruction manual 14 in 2016, this method has become popular mainly in Japan and China, with scattered reports using this method. 10,11,[15][16][17][18][19] Initially we used relatively thick steel wires (3 mm diameter) to lift the abdominal wall at two points.…”

“…10,11,[15][16][17][18][19] Initially we used relatively thick steel wires (3 mm diameter) to lift the abdominal wall at two points. 1 This initial gasless three-port laparoscopic surgery has been shown to provide not only a safe and good operative field, but also superior forceps maneuverability, and economic efficiency for the medical facility.…”