Quaternary fault and fold database of the United States

Machette, Michael N.; Haller, Kathleen M.; Dart, Richard L.; Rhea, Susan

doi:10.3133/ofr03417

Cited by 26 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…3); five active fault databases: (1) New Zealand active fault database (Jongens and Dellow 2003; http://data.gns.cri.nz/af/); (2) Active fault database of Japan (https://gbank.gsj.jp/activefault/index_e_gmap.html); (3) Alaska Quaternary fault and folds database (Koehler et al 2012;Koehler 2013; http://www.dggs.alaska.gov/pubs/ id/24956); (4) USA Quaternary fault and folds database (Machette et al 2004;U.S. Geological Survey 2006; http://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/qfaults/); and (5) Australia neotectonic feature database http://www.ga.gov.au/earthquakes/ staticPageController.do?page=neotectonics), and two fault source databases: (1) New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model (Stirling et al 2012) (see Fig.…”

Section: Upload Of Existing Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the Global Earthquake Model’s neotectonic fault database

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Global Earthquake Model (GEM) aims to develop uniform, openly available, standards, datasets and tools for worldwide seismic risk assessment through global collaboration, transparent communication and adapting state-of-the-art science. GEM Faulted Earth (GFE) is one of GEM's global hazard module projects. This paper describes GFE's development of a modern neotectonic fault database and a unique graphical interface for the compilation of new fault data. A key design principle is that of an electronic field notebook for capturing observations a geologist would make about a fault. The database is designed to accommodate abundant as well as sparse fault observations. It features two layers, one for capturing neotectonic faults and fold observations, and the other to calculate potential earthquake fault sources from the observations. In order

show abstract

Section: Upload Of Existing Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the Global Earthquake Model’s neotectonic fault database

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The northern portion of Death Valley, centered on the Mesquite Flat, is dissected by the Northern Death Valley Fault Zone; Figure 1b), a dextral strike-slip fault complex with a slip rate of 4-5 mm/year Machette et al, 2001;Piety, 1996). Normal fault complexes, such as the Grapevine Fault Zone to the north, bounding the southern Grapevine Mountains and the Towne Pass Fault to the northwest of the Panamint Range ( Figure 1b) are less active, with vertical slip rates of less than 0.2 mm/year (Klinger, 2002;Machette et al, 2001;Machette & Klinger, 2002;Piety, 1996). The contemporary climate of Death Valley is arid, with a mean annual precipitation of 57 mm/year and mean annual temperature of 25 ∘ C over the previous century (Western Regional Climate Center, 2017).…”

Section: Geological Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Sediment Transport Dynamics on Alluvial Fans From Spatial and Temporal Changes in Grain Size, Death Valley, California

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

How information about sediment transport processes is transmitted to the sedimentary record remains a complex problem for the interpretation of fluvial stratigraphy. Alluvial fan deposits represent the condensed archive of sediment transport, which is at least partly controlled by tectonics and climate. For three coupled catchment‐fan systems in northern Death Valley, California, we measure grain size across 12 well‐preserved Holocene and late‐Pleistocene surfaces, mapped in detail from field observations and remote sensing. Our results show that fan surfaces correlated to the late Pleistocene are, on average, 30–50% coarser than active or Holocene fan surfaces. We adopt a self‐similar form of grain size distribution based on the observed stability of the ratio between mean grain size and standard deviation downstream. Using statistical analysis, we show that fan surface grain size distributions are self‐similar. We derive a relative mobility function using our self‐similar grain size distributions, which describes the relative probability of a given grain size being transported. We show that the largest mobile grain sizes are between 20 and 35 mm, a value that varies over time and is clearly lower in the Holocene than in the Pleistocene; a change we suggest is due to a drier climate in the Holocene. These results support recent findings that alluvial fan sedimentology can record past environmental change and that these landscapes are potentially sensitive to climatic change over a glacial‐interglacial cycle. We demonstrate that the self‐similarity methodology offers a means to explore changes in relative mobility of grain sizes from preserved fluvial deposits.

show abstract

“…is an estimated slip rate at all points on the modeled faults. Where available, these slip rates were assigned using the revised geologic data in Appendix B ; elsewhere, best-estimate values were taken from UCERF2, except where the latter included hybrid slip rates (from both geology and geodesy) or where the old slip rates were inconsistent with other types of data, such as the USGS rate category (Machette et al, 2004) or published slip rates. A number of fault sections had no previously assigned slip rate, and these were simply excluded from UCERF2.…”

Section: Geologic Deformation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to geologic slip rates, Appendix B also includes the supporting data, such as information about the site location, offset features, dating constraints, number of events, reported uncertainties, comments, and separate qualitative ratings of the offset features, dating constraints, and overall slip rate. In the majority of cases, these data were compiled from the original sources, although extensive use was also made of the written summaries included in the USGS Quaternary Fault and Fold Database (Machette et al, 2004).…”

Section: Geologic Slip Rate Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 3 (UCERF3)--The Time-Independent Model

Field

Arrowsmith

Biasi

et al. 2014

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

503

467

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The 2014 Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities (WGCEP14) present the time-independent component of the Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 3 (UCERF3), which provides authoritative estimates of the magnitude, location, and time-averaged frequency of potentially damaging earthquakes in California. The primary achievements have been to relax fault segmentation and include multifault ruptures, both limitations of UCERF2. The rates of all earthquakes are solved for simultaneously and from a broader range of data, using a system-level inversion that is both conceptually simple and extensible. The inverse problem is large and underdetermined, so a range of models is sampled using an efficient simulated annealing algorithm. The approach is more derivative than prescriptive (e.g., magnitude-frequency distributions are no longer assumed), so new analysis tools were developed for exploring solutions. Epistemic uncertainties were also accounted for using 1440 alternative logic-tree branches, necessitating access to supercomputers. The most influential uncertainties include alternative deformation models (fault slip rates), a new smoothed seismicity algorithm, alternative values for the total rate of M w ≥ 5 events, and different scaling relationships, virtually all of which are new. As a notable first, three deformation models are based on kinematically consistent inversions of geodetic and geologic data, also providing slip-rate constraints on faults previously excluded due to lack of geologic data. The grand inversion constitutes a system-level framework for testing hypotheses and balancing the influence of different experts. For example, we demonstrate serious challenges with the Gutenberg-Richter hypothesis for individual faults. UCERF3 is still an approximation of the system, however, and the range of models is limited (e.g., constrained to stay close to UCERF2). Nevertheless, UCERF3 removes the apparent UCERF2 overprediction of M 6.5-7 earthquake rates and also includes types of multifault ruptures seen in nature. Although UCERF3 fits the data better than UCERF2 overall, there may be areas that warrant further site-specific investigation. Supporting products may be of general interest, and we list key assumptions and avenues for future model improvements. Manuscript OrganizationBecause of manuscript length and model complexity, we begin with an outline of this report to help readers navigate the various sections:

show abstract

Quaternary fault and fold database of the United States

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Development of the Global Earthquake Model’s neotectonic fault database

Development of the Global Earthquake Model’s neotectonic fault database

Quantifying Sediment Transport Dynamics on Alluvial Fans From Spatial and Temporal Changes in Grain Size, Death Valley, California

Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 3 (UCERF3)--The Time-Independent Model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About