Hydroxyanthraquinones and anthraquinone glucoside derivatives are always considered as the active antibacterial components. Comprehensive comparison and analysis of these compounds were performed for their structure characteristics and antibacterial effect by applying quantum chemical calculations, atoms in molecules theory, molecular docking and dynamics simulation procedure. The molecular geometric con guration, stability, electrostatic potential, the frontier orbital energies and topological properties were analyzed. Once glucose ring is introduced into the hydroxyanthraquinone rings, almost all of the positive molecular potentials are distributed among the hydroxyl hydrogen atoms of the glucose rings. In addition, low electron density ρ (r) and positive Laplacian value of the O-H bond of the anthraquinone glucoside are the evidences of the highly polarized and covalently decreased bonding interactions. The anthraquinone glucoside compounds have generally higher intermolecular binding energies than the corresponding aglycones due to the strong interaction between the glucose rings and the surrounding amino acids.Molecular dynamics simulations further explored the stability and dynamic behavior of the anthraquinone compound and protein complexes through RMSD, RMSF, SASA and Rg. The type of carboxyl, hydroxyl, hydroxylmethyl groups on phenyl ring and the substituent glucose rings are important to the interactions with the topoisomerase type II enzyme DNA gyrase B.