Quantum calibrated magnetic force microscopy

Abstract

We report the quantum calibration of a magnetic force microscope (MFM) by measuring the two-dimensional magnetic stray field distribution of the tip MFM using a single nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond. From the measured stray field distribution and the mechanical properties of the cantilever a calibration function is derived allowing to convert MFM images in quantum calibrated stray field maps. This novel approach overcomes limitations of prior MFM calibration schemes and allows quantum calibrated nanoscale stray field measurements in a field range inaccessible by scanning NV magnetometry. Quantum calibrated measurements of a stray field reference sample allow its use as a transfer standard opening the road towards fast and easily accessible quantum traceable calibration of virtually any MFM.

Hybrid magnon-photon system for sensing weak phase

“…Because through this we can first obtain the reliable sensing results with high resolution and high sensitivity, which is far beyond the limits of classical measurement [13,14]; secondly, there are abundant different platforms and media to realize the quantum sensing target, such as the cold atoms [15], ion trap [16], Rydberg atoms [17], solid-state electronic spins [18, * Authors to whom any correspondence should be addressed. 19], superconducting circuits [20,21], and optomechanical or magnetomechanical systems [22][23][24][25][26]; thirdly, the system initialization, information readout and control methods are convenient and feasible for carrying out such type of sensing target [27]; finally, these available systems above may provide much more hybrid schemes in potential [27], which can surely exhibit a superiority beyond the traditional optical interferometry technology [13,14]. It will be a promising topic to introduce quantum platforms and objects to characterize some physical quantities, no matter which belong to the classical or quantum quantities [28][29][30].…”

Accurate determination of MFM tip’s magnetic parameters on nanoparticles by decoupling the influence of electrostatic force

“…For accurate characterization of an MNP's magnetism from recorded MFM phase images, it is therefore necessary to first quantitatively determine the magnetic parameters of the tip. Toward this purpose, various MFM tip calibration methods [27] have been proposed, for example, using nano coils, Hall effect [28], tip transfer function [29], quantum calibration [30], etc. However, these calibration methods are only suitable when the size and magnetic orientation of the samples are substantially comparable to those of the reference materials.…”

Quantitative Magnetic Force Microscopy: Transfer-Function Method Revisited

“…In particular, MFM proves to be a reliable and adequate tool for imaging room-temperature magnetic skyrmions [11,12], which are of great interest due to their potential application in future-generation storage devices [13,14]. Following our early work on a quantification of the MFM tip response [15], and various applications thereof [16][17][18], there is growing interest in the development of improved MFM tip calibration and quantitative magnetic field measurement procedures [19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

“…compared various tip-calibration methods [21], and confirmed the versatility and reliability of the TF method. Lately, a Ti/Pt/Co reference sample for MFM calibration through the TF method was validated by Sakar et al [24], which helps to extend the application of the TF calibration approach to MFM tips with lower coercivity, and that of QMFM to samples with smaller spatial wavelengths.…”