Quantitative Vascular Evaluation: From Laboratory Experiments to Point-of-Care Patient (Clinical Approach)

Abstract

To enhance the efficiency of patient-specific risk stratification and diagnosis, an assessment of arterial structural and functional changes associated to a vascular disease in both early and advanced stages have been proposed, with the objective of limiting the progression or revert vascular alterations. In this connection, an inter-disciplinary international partnership made up by research institutions from France, Argentina, Uruguay and Spain was es-tablished, with the objective of contributing to the evaluation and follow-up of factors involved in the physiopathology of cardiometabolic dis-eases and human aging. Several studies, such as the effect of hypertension in large arteries, alterations in arterial wall viscosi-ty, stiffness and inertia, endothelial function and vascular reactivity, cardiovascular risk improvement, vascular age assess-ment and cryografts vascular response evaluation were carried out as a result of this international collaboration during the last twenty-five years.

Central Arterial Dynamic Evaluation from Peripheral Blood Pressure Waveforms Using CycleGAN: An In Silico Approach

“…In order to validate the proposed methodology and open new lines of research, in vivo P-D measurements such as those detailed in [ 29 , 30 ] should be performed. It is noteworthy that the virtual subjects considered in this study were simulated assuming a healthy condition.…”

Age-Stratified Coronary Artery Calcium Levels Quantification Based on Arterial Biomechanical Parameters

“…Aortic stiffness was determined over the entire population through the measurement of the propagation speed of the arterial pulse wave. Carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (aPWV, considered the gold standard method) was obtained by simultaneous acquisition of pulse pressure morphology in the carotid and femoral sites (using tonometric transducers), and calculated as distance over pulse transit time, according to a procedure previously reported [6].…”

“…Measurements were performed at carotid and femoral arteries by real-time B-mode ultrasound (Ultramark 4, Advanced Technology Laboratory) with a 7.5 MHz probe, according to a procedure previously described [6]. Two conditions were evaluated at the arterial site: 1) Atheroma plaque formation, corresponding to a focal thickening making prominence in the lumen of the vessel and 2) Diffuse thickening of the arterial intima and media (cIMT measurement).…”

“…Consequently, the evaluation of the degree of atherosclerosis (i.e. vascular damage) can be performed by measurements such local/systemic arterial stiffness, increase of arterial wall layers' thickness and presence/degree of atherosclerotic plaques as consequence of lipid deposition, among others [6]. All these parameters are considered strong predictors of cardiovascular mortality and coronary heart disease (CHD) events.…”

Plataforma IoMT Basada en Inteligencia Computacional Para la Evaluación del Riesgo Cardiovascular

“…La presión arterial (PA) constituye un importante factor de riesgo cardiovascular (RCV) en parte responsable de diversos eventos tales como los accidentes cerebrovasculares y la enfermedad cardíaca isquémica [1]. Es sabido que los determinantes de la presión arterial sistólica (PAS, valor máximo de PA) y la presión pulsátil (diferencia entre PAS y la presión diastólica o mínima, PAD) son la capacidad de amortiguación de las arterias (influenciada por la rigidez arterial) y el tiempo y la intensidad de las reflexiones de onda.…”