Quantitative analysis of Mycoplasma wenyonii and ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos” infections in cattle using novel gapN-based realtime PCR assays

Ade, Julia; Niethammer, Florian Martin; Schade, Benjamin; Schilling, T.; Hoelzle, Katharina; Hoelzle, Ludwig E.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.04.028

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Subsequently, the slides were rinsed with water, air dried, and evaluated under ultraviolet (UV) light excitation with a fluorescence microscope for erythrocytes infected with hemotrophic mycoplasma. Furthermore, aliquots of the blood samples were tested by quantitative real-time PCR as described previously [ 28 ]. Briefly, for DNA extraction, 200 µL of EDTA-anticoagulated blood was mixed with an equal volume of lysis buffer (10 mM Tris pH 7.5, 5 mM MgCl 2 , 330 mM sucrose, 1% (v/v) Triton X-100) and centrifuged (8000× g , 21 °C, 1 min).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hemotrophic mycoplasma in Simmental cattle in Bavaria: prevalence, blood parameters, and transplacental transmission of ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos’ and Mycoplasma wenyonii

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe significance of hemotrophic mycoplasma in cattle remains unclear. Especially in Europe, their epidemiological parameters as well as pathophysiological influence on cows are lacking. The objectives of this study were: (1) to describe the prevalence of ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos’ (‘C. M. haemobos’) and Mycoplasma wenyonii (M. wenyonii) in Bavaria, Germany; (2) to evaluate their association with several blood parameters; (3) to explore the potential of vertical transmission in Simmental cattle; and (4) to evaluate the accuracy of acridine-orange-stained blood smears compared to real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results to detect hemotrophic mycoplasma. A total of 410 ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-blood samples from cows from 41 herds were evaluated by hematology, acridine-orange-stained blood smears, and real-time PCR. Additionally, blood samples were taken from dry cows of six dairy farms with positive test results for hemotrophic mycoplasma to investigate vertical transmission of infection.ResultsThe period prevalence of both species was 60.24% (247/410), C. M. haemobos 56.59% (232/410), M. wenyonii 8.54% (35/410) and for coinfection 4.88% (20/410). Of the relevant blood parameters, only mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), and white blood cell count (WBC) showed differences between the groups of infected and non-infected individuals. There were lower values of MCV (P < 0.01) and MCH (P < 0.01) and higher values of WBC (P < 0.05) in ‘C. M. haemobos’-infected cows. In contrast, co-infected individuals had only higher WBC (P < 0.05). In M. wenyonii-positive blood samples, MCH was significantly lower (P < 0.05). Vertical transmission of ‘C. M. haemobos’ was confirmed in two calves. The acridine-orange-method had a low sensitivity (37.39%), specificity (65.97%), positive predictive value (63.70%) and negative predictive value (39.75%) compared to PCR.Conclusions‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos’ was more prevalent than M. wenyonii in Bavarian Simmental cattle, but infection had little impact on evaluated blood parameters. Vertical transmission of the infection was rare. Real-time PCR is the preferred diagnostic method compared to the acridine-orange-method.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, hemotrophic mycoplasmas are currently identified with either 16S rDNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) [ 25 ] or real-time PCR [ 26 ]. The latter seems to be superior to the former in cats [ 27 ] and cattle [ 28 ], but confirmative data are lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemotrophic mycoplasma in Simmental cattle in Bavaria: prevalence, blood parameters, and transplacental transmission of ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos’ and Mycoplasma wenyonii

et al. 2018

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“…The concept of relevance takes into account the severity of the associated disease and hence its knowledge and its economic consequences, as well as the frequency of occurrence worldwide. In consequence, some haemotrophic mycoplasmas are not classified as relevant, such as M. wenyonii in cattle [24] and M. ovis in sheep and goats [25], as they are still underdiagnosed worldwide, although they certainly contribute to the general use of antimicrobials in animals.…”

Section: Human Mycoplasmasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating the Human and Animal Sides of Mycoplasmas Resistance to Antimicrobials

Pereyre

Tardy

2021

Antibiotics

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Mycoplasma infections are frequent in humans, as well as in a broad range of animals. However, antimicrobial treatment options are limited, partly due to the lack of a cell wall in these peculiar bacteria. Both veterinary and human medicines are facing increasing resistance prevalence for the most commonly used drugs, despite different usage practices. To date, very few reviews have integrated knowledge on resistance to antimicrobials in humans and animals, the latest dating back to 2014. To fill this gap, we examined, in parallel, antimicrobial usage, resistance mechanisms and either phenotype or genotype-based methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing, as well as epidemiology of resistance of the most clinically relevant human and animal mycoplasma species. This review unveiled common features and differences that need to be taken into consideration in a “One Health” perspective. Lastly, two examples of critical cases of multiple drug resistance are highlighted, namely, the human M. genitalium and the animal M. bovis species, both of which can lead to the threat of untreatable infections.

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“…Hemotropic mycoplasmas (hemoplasmas) are epierythrocytic bacteria that have been reported in cattle from several countries and may act synergistically during a coinfection ( 1 – 5 ). Animals infected with hemoplasmas show clinical signs that include severe anemia, ill thrift, fever, lymphadenopathy, depression, decreased milk production, infertility, and reproductive inefficiency ( 3 , 6 , 7 ). To date, “ Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos” and Mycoplasma wenyonii are the only reported hemoplasmas that infect cattle.…”

Section: Announcementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Draft Genome Sequence of Mycoplasma wenyonii, a Second Hemotropic Mycoplasma Species Identified in Mexican Bovine Cattle

Quiroz-Castañeda

Martínez-Ocampo

Dantán-González

2018

Microbiol Resour Announc

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Quantitative analysis of Mycoplasma wenyonii and ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos” infections in cattle using novel gapN-based realtime PCR assays

Cited by 19 publications

References 28 publications

Hemotrophic mycoplasma in Simmental cattle in Bavaria: prevalence, blood parameters, and transplacental transmission of ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos’ and Mycoplasma wenyonii

Hemotrophic mycoplasma in Simmental cattle in Bavaria: prevalence, blood parameters, and transplacental transmission of ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos’ and Mycoplasma wenyonii

Integrating the Human and Animal Sides of Mycoplasmas Resistance to Antimicrobials

Draft Genome Sequence of Mycoplasma wenyonii, a Second Hemotropic Mycoplasma Species Identified in Mexican Bovine Cattle

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