Quantitation and Composition of Cutaneous Microbiota in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Men

Redel, Henry; Gao, Zhan; Li, Hui-Lin; Alekseyenko, Alexander V.; Zhou, Yanjiao; Perez-Perez, Guillermo I.; Weinstock, George M.; Sodergren, Erica; Blaser, Martin J.

doi:10.1093/infdis/jit005

Cited by 96 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…39 Similarly, a recent study found that the intact skin microbiota of diabetic patients is more diverse and has a different composition than the microbiota of nondiabetic patients. 58 These ecologic changes are consistent with the decrease of coagulase-negative staphylococci and the increase of Corynebacterium spp. and S. aureus described above.…”

Section: Molecular Tools and Management Of Dfumentioning

confidence: 53%

New Molecular Techniques to Study the Skin Microbiota of Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Lavigne

Sotto

Dunyach-Rémy

et al. 2015

Advances in Wound Care

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Section: Molecular Tools and Management Of Dfumentioning

confidence: 53%

New Molecular Techniques to Study the Skin Microbiota of Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Lavigne

Sotto

Dunyach-Rémy

et al. 2015

Advances in Wound Care

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“…Chronic wounds, often harbor a high burden of polymicrobials prone to forming biofilms. The composition of biofilms differs according to wound etiology, location and clinical context but is dominated by Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas , and Corynebacterium generas including other anaerobic species 78,82,83 . Persistent polymicrobial infection in wounds has been suggested to contribute to poor healing by provoking a prolonged inflammatory phase secondary to sustained recruitment of pro-inflammatory cells 20,84 .…”

Section: Systemic Biomarkers Associated With Wound Healing Impairmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology and Biomarkers for Wound Healing

Lindley¹,

Stojadinović

Pastar

et al. 2016

Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

240

198

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Background As the population grows older, the incidence and prevalence of conditions which lead to a predisposition for poor wound healing also increases. Ultimately, this increase in non-healing wounds has led to significant morbidity and mortality with subsequent huge economic ramifications. Therefore, understanding specific molecular mechanisms underlying aberrant wound healing is of great importance. It has, and will continue to be the leading pathway to the discovery of therapeutic targets as well as diagnostic molecular biomarkers. Biomarkers may help identify and stratify subsets of non-healing patients for whom biomarker-guided approaches may aid in healing. Methods A series of literature searches were performed using Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Internet searches. Results Currently, biomarkers are being identified using biomaterials sourced locally, from human wounds and/or systemically using systematic high-throughput “omics” modalities (genomic, proteomic, lipidomic, metabolomic analysis). In this review we highlight the current status of clinically applicable biomarkers and propose multiple steps in validation and implementation spectrum including those measured in tissue specimens e.g. β-catenin and c-myc, wound fluid e.g. MMP’s and interleukins, swabs e.g. wound microbiota and serum e.g. procalcitonin and MMP’s. Conclusions Identification of numerous potential biomarkers utilizing different avenues of sample collection and molecular approaches is currently underway. A focus on simplicity, and consistent implementation of these biomarkers as well as an emphasis on efficacious follow-up therapeutics is necessary for transition of this technology to clinically feasible point-of-care applications.

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“…Cultureindependent analyses of the healthy skin microbiota, based on sequencing of the bacterial small-subunit 16S rRNA gene, allow greater resolution in characterizing microbial community structure and have revealed the great topographical and temporal complexity at this barrier surface (4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Some environmental and host factors have been identified to influence commensal skin microbial communities (9)(10)(11)(12). However, the role of cutaneous immune defense in shaping and maintaining the skin microbial ecosystem is currently unknown.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Complement modulates the cutaneous microbiome and inflammatory milieu

Chehoud¹,

Rafail

Tyldsley³

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

141

103

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The skin is colonized by a plethora of microbes that include commensals and potential pathogens, but it is currently unknown how cutaneous host immune mechanisms influence the composition, diversity, and quantity of the skin microbiota. Here we reveal an interactive role for complement in cutaneous host-microbiome interactions. Inhibiting signaling of the complement component C5a receptor (C5aR) altered the composition and diversity of the skin microbiota as revealed by deep sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. In parallel, we demonstrate that C5aR inhibition results in down-regulation of genes encoding cutaneous antimicrobial peptides, pattern recognition receptors, and proinflammatory mediators. Immunohistochemistry of inflammatory cell infiltrates in the skin showed reduced numbers of macrophages and lymphocytes with C5aR inhibition. Further, comparing cutaneous gene expression in germ-free mice vs. conventionally raised mice suggests that the commensal microbiota regulates expression of complement genes in the skin. These findings demonstrate a component of host immunity that impacts colonization of the skin by the commensal microbiota and vice versa, a critical step toward understanding hostmicrobe immune mutualism of the skin and its implications for health and disease. Additionally, we reveal a role for complement in homeostatic host-microbiome interactions of the skin.

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Quantitation and Composition of Cutaneous Microbiota in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Men

Abstract: The feet of diabetic men had decreased populations of Staphylococcus species, increased populations of S. aureus, and increased bacterial diversity, compared with the feet of controls. These ecologic changes may affect the risk for wound infections.

Cited by 96 publications

References 38 publications

New Molecular Techniques to Study the Skin Microbiota of Diabetic Foot Ulcers

New Molecular Techniques to Study the Skin Microbiota of Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Biology and Biomarkers for Wound Healing

Complement modulates the cutaneous microbiome and inflammatory milieu

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