Quantifying submarine groundwater discharge in the coastal zone via multiple methods

Burnett, William C.; Aggarwal, Pradeep; Aureli, Anna; Bokuniewicz, Henry; Cable, Jaye E.; Charette, Matthew A.; Kontar, Evgeny A.; Krupa, Steven L.; Kulkarni, K. M.; Loveless, Alicia M.; Moore, Willard S.; Oberdorfer, June A.; Oliveira, Joselene de; Özyurt, Naciye Nur; Povinec, P.; Privitera, A.M.G.; Rajar, Rudi; Ramessur, Roshan T; Scholten, Jan; Stieglitz, Thomas; Taniguchi, Makoto; Turner, Jeffrey V.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.05.009

Cited by 820 publications

(559 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…The nutrients, organic compounds and metals transported by SGD through coastal aquifers are key factors in initiating phytoplankton blooms (Lapointe et al, 1990) and serve as important sources of iron (Windom et al, 2006) and phosphate in the surrounding waters (Corbett et al, 2002). Consequently, SGD may directly impact both near-shore benthic and pelagic biotas (Burnett et al, 2006;Moore, 1999;Pempkowiak et al, 2010). However, reports on the influence of SGD on marine organisms are rather scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Submarine groundwater discharge to the Baltic coastal zone: Impacts on the meiofaunal community

Kotwicki

Grzelak

Czub

et al. 2014

Journal of Marine Systems

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The discharge of groundwater into the sea affects surrounding environments by changing the salinity, temperature and nutrient regimes. This work reports the spatial effects of a submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) on the abundance and structure of the meiofaunal community in the shallow area of Puck Bay (Baltic Sea). Several field expeditions in the years 2009 and 2010 found that low-saline groundwater escapes into the bay from permeable, sandy, near-shore sediments. The SGD literature has grown rapidly during the current decade; however, the effects of this type of disturbance on the shallow sandy bottom fauna have thus far been little studied. We provide evidence that the discharge of groundwater has a clear effect on meiofaunal assemblages in the research area. This effect was reflected in a significant decline of certain meiofaunal taxa, mainly nematodes and harpacticoids, as well as in altered patterns of temporal distribution and small-scale (vertical) zonation of meiofaunal assemblages. Overlooking submarine groundwater discharge processes may lead to serious misinterpretations of ecological data. It is clear that groundwater discharge phenomena should be considered in future scientific studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Submarine groundwater discharge to the Baltic coastal zone: Impacts on the meiofaunal community

Kotwicki

Grzelak

Czub

et al. 2014

Journal of Marine Systems

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“…Many studies have used the unique geochemical signal originating from the subterranean estuary to determine rates of transport of such constituents to the coastal ocean via submarine groundwater discharge (Burnett et al, 2006 and references therein).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New perspectives on radium behavior within a subterranean estuary

et al. 2008

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Abstract:Over the past decade, radium isotopes have been frequently applied as tracers of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). The unique radium signature of SGD is acquired within the subterranean estuary, a mixing zone between fresh groundwater and seawater in coastal aquifers, yet little is known about what controls Ra cycling in this system. The focus of this study was to examine controls on sediment and groundwater radium activities within permeable aquifer sands (Waquoit Bay, MA, USA) through a combination of field and laboratory studies. In the field, a series of sediment cores and corresponding groundwater profiles were collected for analysis of the four radium isotopes, as well as dissolved and sediment associated manganese, iron, and barium. We found that in addition to greater desorption at increasing salinity, radium was also closely tied to manganese and iron redox cycling within these sediments. A series of laboratory adsorption/desorption experiments helped elucidate the importance of 1) contact time between sediment and water, 2) salinity of water in contact with sediment, 3) redox conditions of water in contact with sediment, and 4) the chemical characteristics of sediment on radium adsorption/desorption. We found that these reactions are rapid (on the order of hours), desorption increases with increasing salinity and decreasing pH, and the presence of Fe and Mn (hydr)oxides on the sediment inhibit the release of radium.These sediments have a large capacity to sorb radium from fresh water. Combined with these experimental results, we present evidence from time series groundwater sampling 2 that within this subterranean estuary there are cyclic periods of Ra accumulation and release controlled by changing salinity and redox conditions.

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“…Discharge of this groundwater along beaches and through the seafloor is now recognized as an important transport pathway of nutrients to coastal waters (e.g., Burnett et al, 2006). The chemical composition of this submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) not only depends on the landward freshwater source(s) but also on the rates of groundwater flow and the biogeochemical reactions that occur in the part of the coastal aquifer where freshwater and seawater interact (''subterranean estuary"; Moore, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chemical composition of this submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) not only depends on the landward freshwater source(s) but also on the rates of groundwater flow and the biogeochemical reactions that occur in the part of the coastal aquifer where freshwater and seawater interact (''subterranean estuary"; Moore, 1999). Owing to the difficulties in sampling coastal aquifers and the complex flow structure in subterranean estuaries (e.g., Burnett et al, 2006), our quantitative understanding of nutrient dynamics in these systems is still limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow and nutrient dynamics in a subterranean estuary (Waquoit Bay, MA, USA): Field data and reactive transport modeling

Spiteri¹,

Slomp²,

Charette³

et al. 2008

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

135

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A two-dimensional (2D) reactive transport model is used to investigate the controls on nutrient (NO 3 À , NH 4 þ , PO 4 ) dynamics in a coastal aquifer. The model couples density-dependent flow to a reaction network which includes oxic degradation of organic matter, denitrification, iron oxide reduction, nitrification, Fe 2+ oxidation and sorption of PO 4 onto iron oxides. Porewater measurements from a well transect at Waquoit Bay, MA, USA indicate the presence of a reducing plume with high Fe 2+ , NH 4 þ , DOC (dissolved organic carbon) and PO 4 concentrations overlying a more oxidizing NO 3 À -rich plume. These two plumes travel nearly conservatively until they start to overlap in the intertidal coastal sediments prior to discharge into the bay. In this zone, the aeration of the surface beach sediments drives nitrification and allows the precipitation of iron oxide, which leads to the removal of PO 4 through sorption. Model simulations suggest that removal of NO 3 À through denitrification is inhibited by the limited overlap between the two freshwater plumes, as well as by the refractory nature of terrestrial DOC. Submarine groundwater discharge is a significant source of NO 3 À to the bay.

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Quantifying submarine groundwater discharge in the coastal zone via multiple methods

Cited by 820 publications

References 144 publications

Submarine groundwater discharge to the Baltic coastal zone: Impacts on the meiofaunal community

Submarine groundwater discharge to the Baltic coastal zone: Impacts on the meiofaunal community

New perspectives on radium behavior within a subterranean estuary

Flow and nutrient dynamics in a subterranean estuary (Waquoit Bay, MA, USA): Field data and reactive transport modeling

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