Quantifying charge carrier localization in chemically doped semiconducting polymers

Gregory, Shawn A.; Hanus, Riley; Atassi, Amalie; Rinehart, Joshua M; Wooding, Jamie P.; Menon, Akanksha K.; Losego, Mark D.; Snyder, G. Jeffrey; Yee, Shannon K.

doi:10.1038/s41563-021-01008-0

Cited by 75 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…uses the overlap of Coulomb potentials of neighboring ionized dopants to define a dopant concentration c D dependent activation barrier W H (c D ) for transport. [ 34 ] Before, the same idea was explored by Arkhipov et al., c.f. Equation (1) in ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delocalization Enhances Conductivity at High Doping Concentrations

Derewjanko

Scheunemann

Järsvall

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Many applications of organic semiconductors require high electrical conductivities and hence high doping levels. Therefore, it is indispensable for effective material design to have an accurate understanding of the underlying transport mechanisms in this regime. In this study, own and literature experimental data that reveal a power‐law relation between the conductivity and charge density of strongly p‐doped conjugated polymers are combined. This behavior cannot consistently be described with conventional models for charge transport in energetically disordered materials. Here, it is shown that the observations can be explained in terms of a variable range hopping model with an energy‐dependent localization length. A tight‐binding model is used to quantitatively estimate of the energy‐dependent localization length, which is used in an analytical variable range hopping model. In the limit of low charge densities, the model reproduces the well‐known Mott variable range hopping behavior, while for high charge densities, the experimentally observed superlinear increase in conductivity with charge density is reproduced. The latter behavior occurs when the Fermi level reaches partially delocalized states. This insight can be anticipated to lead to new strategies to increase the conductivity of organic semiconductors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delocalization Enhances Conductivity at High Doping Concentrations

Derewjanko

Scheunemann

Järsvall

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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“…On the other hand, σ E0 is often regarded as a weighed mobility prefactor [ 41 ] or, in other models, to the sample's homogeneity and maximum conductivity of a given conductive domain. [ 42 ] Experimental results show that this value is higher in ordered or even oriented materials regardless of the interpretation chosen. Thus, in principle, it can serve as a proxy for the degree of connectivity between conductive domains and structural order.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Rules for Polymer Blends with High Thermoelectric Performance

Zapata‐Arteaga

Marina

Zuo

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

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A combinatorial study of the effect of in‐mixing of various guests on the thermoelectric properties of the host workhorse polymer poly[2,5‐bis(3‐tetradecylthiophen‐2‐yl)thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene] (PBTTT) is presented. Specifically, the composition and thickness for doped films of PBTTT blended with different polymers are varied. Some blends at guest weight fractions around 10–15% exhibit up to a fivefold increase in power factor compared to the reference material, leading to zT values around 0.1. Spectroscopic analysis of the charge‐transfer species, structural characterization using grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, Raman, and atomic force microscopy, and Monte Carlo simulations are employed to determine that the key to improved performance is for the guest to promote long‐range electrical connectivity and low disorder, together with similar highest occupied molecular orbital levels for both materials in order to ensure electronic connectivity are combined.

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“…Fortunately, the understanding of charge transport and the development of physical models are underway and some models with considerable accuracy and versatility have been developed, which is believed to be beneficial to the improvement of device and circuit modeling. 109 Second, the device variation and the resultant mismatch in circuits are challenged to be fundamentally solved. Different from doing research in lab, the realworld application of organic integrated circuits requires device-to-device, batch-to-batch uniformity and stability, which puts forward higher requirements on the material synthesis, purification, and process standardization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in organic field‐effect transistor‐based integrated circuits

Yan

Zhao

Liu

2021

Journal of Polymer Science

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Organic integrated circuits are undergoing rapid development with the extensive research on organic semiconducting materials and the performance improvement of organic field-effect transistors. Organic integrated circuits not only cover all the major circuit types, their complexity, degree of integration, and performance have also been improved in recent years. In this review, recent advances in the design and fabrication of integrated circuits based on organic field-effect transistors are reported. The circuits are categorized into digital and analog, which are discussed in detail centering on the structure, fabrication process, and performance. In addition, progress in the modeling and simulation of organic integrated circuits are discussed as well, as they are key issues for the future development of organic electronics.

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Quantifying charge carrier localization in chemically doped semiconducting polymers

Cited by 75 publications

References 46 publications

Delocalization Enhances Conductivity at High Doping Concentrations

Delocalization Enhances Conductivity at High Doping Concentrations

Design Rules for Polymer Blends with High Thermoelectric Performance

Recent progress in organic field‐effect transistor‐based integrated circuits

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