Quantification of polyols in sugar-free foodstuffs by qNMR

NMR-Based Approaches in the Study of Foods

“…The targeted NMR approach has been mainly used in food authentication, e.g., to distinguish between the two marketable oregano species with apigenin and p-cymene as biomarkers of Origanum onites and salvianolic acid B of Origanum vulgare [65]; to identify fraudulent processing techniques (with phlorin as marker) [66] or adulteration (with coumarins and psoralens as markers) [67] of Citrus juices; to evaluate saccharide adulteration in honey [68]; to detect illegal adulterants in herbal medicines [69]; and to quantify compound markers of quality in spirit drinks [70]. The targeted approach has been also used for the quantification of chosen metabolites in food matrices, e.g., in the quantification of polyols in sugar-free foodstuffs by the Chemical Shift Selective Filter-Total Correlation Spectroscopy (CSSF-TOCSY) NMR experiment [71]; the analysis of fatty acids in walnut oil [72]; the quantification of methylglyoxal in manuka honey [73]; and the quantification of cannabinoids in hempseeds [74] and hempseed oils [75]. Targeted analysis with quantification of the two best known cannabinoids (∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol) has been also realized by Araneda et al [76] using a benchtop NMR instrument.…”

Application of Band-Selective HSQC NMR in Species Discrimination and Adulteration Identification of Panax Linn

“…To address this issue, we used bs-HSQC to selectively excite only the interested carbon regions, reducing the spectral width in the carbon dimension to shorten the experimental time by recording fewer FIDs. The anomeric 13 C peaks of sugars are typically between 95 and 110 ppm, making bs-HSQC ideal for selectively exciting the carbon regions. A high-resolution spectrum can be obtained within 40 min (Figure 1C).…”

“…NMR analysis offers high reproducibility, high throughput, and simple sample preparation. It is a valuable qualitative and quantitative analysis technology in various fields, including quality control of food [11][12][13][14], medicine [15][16][17], polymer [18][19][20], and others [21,22]. 1 H NMR is the most widely used technology due to its speed and simplicity [11,15,16,18].…”

“…However, complex mixtures often suffer from severe peak overlapping, which can be addressed by using 2D NMR techniques such as heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC). In HSQC, the indirect dimension (f1 domain) is the 13 C spectrum (140 ppm), which has display space more extensive than that of 1 H nucleus (20 ppm). Thus, it can effectively separate the overlapped signals in 1 H NMR.…”

“…To address this issue, we consider two methods which may reduce the acquisition time for a high resolution 2D NMR analysis of Panax species. Firstly, band-selective (bs-) HSQC can restrict the f1 dimension by selectively exciting 13 C region of interest to collect highresolution spectra [25,26]. Secondly, non-uniform sampling (NUS) uses specific algorithms to obtain high-resolution spectra from short data records [27,28].…”