Quantification of phenolic and flavonoid contents and some biological activities of Ornithogalum sigmoideum Freyn Sint

Abstract

Ornithogalum L. is a genus containing approximately 200 species that grow in warm areas of Europe, Asia and Africa. 54 of these species grow naturally in Turkey. They have been used for various medicinal purposes such as emetic and against abscess since ancient times and today consumed as food especially in the eastern region of the Black Sea. Ornithogalum species were found to be rich in cholestane glycosides, cholestane bidesmosides, cardenolide glycosides, flavonoid glycosides and saponins. According to the health-promoting effects of these compounds; we aimed to study, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects of aerial parts and bulbs of Ornithogalum sigmoideum as well as bioactive compounds. The antioxidant activity was determined using 2,2'-azino-bis (3ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. Anti-inflammatory activity of extracts was evaluated by the human red blood cell membrane stabilization method. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were evaluated by Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods, respectively. The cytotoxic effects were evaluated on lung (A549), colorectal (HCT-116) and prostate (PC3) cancer cells using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Methanolic extract of aerial part of O. sigmoideum exhibited the greatest anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity in all methods determined. Supporting these results, the highest amounts of total phenolic and flavonoid were obtained from this extract. MTT cell viability results showed that aerial part extract of O. sigmoideum was induced cell death more than the bulb extract in every-three cell line and the PC3 cells were more sensitive than the others were. However, the calculated IC50 values of all the extracts were too high for considering as cytotoxic.

Assessment of Correlation Analysis, Phytochemical Profile, and Biological Activities of Endemic Scorzonera Species from Turkey

“…Naturally occurring antioxidants from several groups of compounds such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, and other polyphenols exist mainly in fruits, vegetables, and medicinal plants. [39,40,45] Many plants have been served in traditional medicine practices to cure and manage inflammatory disorders due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characterization. [46][47][48] Phenolic compounds do not only react directly with ROS but also modulate cellular signaling pathways.…”

“…[49] Such findings have prompted increased interest in the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics of medicinal plants. [39,40,45] Thus, the search for new and more sources as well as effective molecules from different sources has been focused on these potential activities to prevent oxidation, reduce the production of ROS, suppress inflammation, and protect cells against cellular damage. [37] The present study is designed to reveal the antiinflammatory and antioxidant potentials of some endemic Scorzonera species and search for whether they are sources of new and more effective molecules.…”

A Preliminary Study on the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Opopanax Hispidus

“…ABTS radical cation decolorization assay was utilized to measure the total antioxidant activity of the samples [17]. ABTS was prepared by the reaction of 7 mM ABTS+ aqueous solution with 2.45 mM potassium persulfate.…”

“…ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities were found higher for aerial parts than flowers, but not a serious margin. Naturally-occurring plant pigments, phenolic compounds, terpenes are secondary metabolites of plants that are the best known for their ability to scavenge free radicals [17,24]. Phenolic substances are known to be responsible for the antioxidant effect that medicinal plants possess [25,26].…”

Anti-inflammatory and Anti-diabetic Activity of Ballota L. species grown in Turkey

“…Membrane stabilizing activity of the extracts was assessed using heat-induced human erythrocyte hemolysis (Shinde et al, 1999;Yalçın, Yılmaz Sarıaltın & Çiçek Polat, 2020). Inhibition of hemolysis was implied as stabilization of the HRBC membrane.…”