Quality assessment and status of spring water in Helambu area, Sindhupalchok district, central Nepal

Tiwari, Sabin; Chamlagain, Deepak; Atwood, Abra; Sayami, Mamata

doi:10.3126/jngs.v60i0.31274

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This suggests shallow aquifer groundwater processes. This is also supported by study conducted in the region by Tiwari et al (2020). Warmer water seems to have comparatively lower pH in the study.…”

Section: Relation Between the Physicochemical Parameterssupporting

confidence: 86%

Factors controlling the variation in physicochemical parameters of springs in Melamchi area, Nepal

Khadka,

Rijal,

Gyawali

2023

Journal of Nepal Geological Society

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Understanding the factors controlling the spatial and seasonal variation of physicochemical parameters of groundwater are important for quick water quality assessment and for a better planning of the water quality management strategies. This study evaluated spring’s five physicochemical data (pH, EC, TDS, DO and temperature) for 75 springs in two seasons (pre and post monsoon). The aim of the research presented in this paper is to assess physicochemical parameters of spring water, understand their seasonal and spatial variation and the factors controlling the variation. Physicochemical parameters were correlated with each other to understand the processes and an attempt has been made to understand groundwater processes studying the physicochemical parameters. Groundwater is slightly acidic to slightly alkaline with pH ranging from 5.5 to 7.5 and is weakly to very weakly mineralized with EC range of 21.6–234.0 μS/cm in pre-monsoon and 10.5–189.8 μS/cm in post-monsoon. TDS ranged between 5.3–116.9 mg/l and 10.8–94.9 mg/l, DO between 3.1–9.4 mg/l and 2.4–7.3 mg/l and groundwater temperature between 18.4–27.9°C and 19.2–27.4°C in pre-monsoon and post monsoon season respectively. TDS and EC are noted to be higher in pre-monsoon whereas pH, DO and temperature are comparatively higher in post-monsoon. The south-east region of the study area shows minimum groundwater temperature. Minimum concentration of EC and TDS were observed in south-east and north-west part of the study area with values increasing towards the river valley. Groundwater temperature shows inverse relation with elevation, pH and DO while correlated with EC and TDS of groundwater in the region. The measured parameters were seasonally and spatially variable. The results indicate difference for measured physicochemical parameters mainly caused due to results generated by cumulative interactions of monsoonal rain, atmospheric temperature, rock-groundwater interaction, residence time of groundwater and seasonal influences. The change in parameters with respect to elevation and relation between different parameters shows shallow aquifer-related groundwater processes.

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Section: Relation Between the Physicochemical Parameterssupporting

confidence: 86%

Factors controlling the variation in physicochemical parameters of springs in Melamchi area, Nepal

Khadka,

Rijal,

Gyawali

2023

Journal of Nepal Geological Society

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“…S. Negi et al, 2007). The systematic spring research in the mountain has shed light on the present status and natural spring dynamics in the localized mountains of the eastern and western Himalayas (Gurung et al, 2019;Poudel & Duex, 2017;Tambe et al, 2012;Tiwari et al, 2020) from various perspectives. Despite this relatively large body of research, there remains a gap in knowledge on how the impacts of drying springs vary across the Himalayas (Meixner et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gendered Implication of Declining Spring Sources in the Rangun Watershed Area

Pandit,

Batelaan,

Panta

et al. 2023

Far Western Rev.

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Rangun Khola watershed of Mahakali River Basin, located in Dadeldhura District in the mid[1]hill region of Nepal, serves as a model watershed for the region’s challenges associated with climate change. Springs are the lifeline for human survival and ecosystems in such watersheds. Data of spring discharge change of 1,122 springs in the region between 1998 and 2008 estimated using recall method showed that spring sources are drying up raising critical concern not only in terms of ecological wellbeing but also in terms of the community’s access to water. This study used data collected from focus group discussions and household survey to evaluate the gender implications of such dwindling spring sources in the watershed area. Results show that historically, women have been managing the majority of the family’s water demands. Due to declining spring water sources, women are becoming more time impoverished due to the lengthier time required for water collection, which has an effect on their own and their family’ well-being. Limited participation from women, the population most directly affected by climate change was found in local adaptation planning procedures. This study adds evidence of the gendered effects of climate change and advocates for the promotion of gender-responsive local adaptation planning in the water management sector.

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“…Several methodologies are for locating and mapping groundwater occurrence and distribution, such as surface electrical resistivity, which has produced better results in targeting the groundwater resource [4] [5]. Due to its extensive fieldwork, this technique is has a great application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Groundwater Potential Zone Using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System: in Kaffa Zone, South Western Ethiopia

Woldegebriel¹,

Amibo

Bayu

2021

SJE

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This study focused on delineating the groundwater potential and recharge area for Kaffa Zone by the method of remote sensing and ArcGIS 10.4 software analysis techniques. There are six main influencing factors (rainfall, slope, land use/cover, lineaments, drainage density, and Lithology) selected for groundwater recharge zone mapping. The thematic maps were scanned, geo-referenced, and classified as suitable for groundwater using ArcGIS 10.4. The methods to assess the potential zone were using weight overlay analysis and hierarchy of analytical process algorithm. The result obtained the potential of ground water were discussed recharge zones into four major categories: very good, good, and moderate and low. This can help for better planning and management the potential resource of groundwater. The results analyzed the groundwater potential that were subdivided in to low, moderate, high, and very high groundwater potentials areas that cover 1664.1,7682.9, 958.27, and 192.78 km2 respectively. The prediction accuracy was checked based on the borehole yield observed and predicted data of respective locations within the selected area. The prediction accuracy obtained (68.42%) reflects that the present study's method was produced significantly reliable and precise results.

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Quality assessment and status of spring water in Helambu area, Sindhupalchok district, central Nepal

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Factors controlling the variation in physicochemical parameters of springs in Melamchi area, Nepal

Factors controlling the variation in physicochemical parameters of springs in Melamchi area, Nepal

The Gendered Implication of Declining Spring Sources in the Rangun Watershed Area

Evaluation of Groundwater Potential Zone Using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System: in Kaffa Zone, South Western Ethiopia

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