Quality and antioxidant potential of ‘BRS clara’ and ‘Arizul’ grapes influenced by rootstocks in a tropical region

Abstract

Seedless table grapes cultivars have been studied in the Sub-middle region of São Francisco Valley at northeast Brazil. For that region, it is important to identify cultivars with productive potential, better quality and efficiency, minimizing the expenses in terms of inputs and workforce, when compared to traditional cultivars. Specifically, the objective of this study was to determine the influence of different rootstocks on the quality and on the antioxidant potential of BRS Clara and Arizul table grapes cultivars of two production cycles. The experimental area belongs to the Experimental Field of Bebedouro/Embrapa Semiárido, located in the sub-middle region of São Francisco Valley, in Petrolina - PE, northeast Brazil. Both BRS Clara and Arizul cultivars were analyzed individually using IAC 313, IAC 572, IAC 766, SO4, Paulsen 1103 and Harmony rootstocks, during production cycles from October/2016 to February/2017 and from March/2007 to June/2017. The experimental design was planned in randomized blocks, in a 2 (production cycle) x 6 (rootstock) factorial, with three replications each. More favorable conditions to quality for ‘BRS Clara’ grapes, as evidenced by higher berry mass, lower soluble solids (SS)/titratable acidity (TA) ratio and higher antioxidant activity, were observed after the March-June, 2017 harvest, especially from scions grafted onto IAC 572, SO4 and Harmony. The Arizul cultivar was characterized by better quality after the March-July, 2017 harvest, showing higher berry mass, lower acidity and lower SS/TA ratio and a better color mainly in SO4 and Harmony rootstocks. Therefore, an appropriate rootstock enhances the quality of the grapes.

Agronomic performance of table grape cultivars affected by rootstocks in semi-arid conditions

“…IAC 313 and IAC 572 led to an increase in the berry size of BRS Clara, as a result of less competition for photoassimilates in bunches with low fruit set and a smaller number of berries. Brito et al (2019) found values for bunch weight similar to those observed in this study, although with marked differences between two production cycles in the same cultivar and experimental area. In addition to the rootstock, bunch management practices considerably affect berry weight and size in the BRS Clara; bunch thinning and two applications of 30 mg.L -1 gibberellic acid are recommended to increase bunch weight and berry diameter (Formolo et al 2009).…”

“…Tecchio et al (2009) observed that A Dona grown on the rootstock IAC 766 in the state of São Paulo had greater bunch weight and berry size than those found in this study, which may be explained by the treatments with gibberellic acid. In contrast, results obtained in the same experimental area by Brito et al (2019) indicate similar values for berry weight, but lower values for bunch weight and titratable acidity than those observed in this study.…”

“…The rootstock IAC 313 led to grapes with greater acidity compared to Paulsen 1103. Brito et al (2019) observed the effect of the crop season and of the rootstock on this same cultivar and experimental area, with better results in relation to the quality attributes in the grapes harvested in June 2017. However, the mean bunch weight in that crop season was less than that observed in this study, whereas the titratable acidity values were higher in all the rootstocks.…”

Productivity and Physicochemical Properties of the BRS Isis Grape on Various Rootstocks under Subtropical Climatic Conditions

“…The total phenol concentration of the three rootstocks employed was greater than that reported by Ahmed et al (2019) [1] for 'BRS Isis' grapes grafted onto 'IAC 766' in a tropical environment (26.1 mg 100 g −1 ). Lower levels of total phenols were also reported in 'Redglobe' [47] and 'BRS Clara' [48] grapes grafted onto 'Paulsen 1103', namely 97.413 mg 100 g −1 and 81.39 mg 100 g −1 , respectively. These findings highlight the great diversity in the rootstock's effect on the biosynthesis and composition of these chemicals [49], as well as the direct influence of climatic factors such as temperature, light, and precipitation [1].…”

Phenolic Composition of Brazilian BRS Carmem (Muscat Belly A × BRS Rúbea) Grapes: Evaluation of Their Potential Use as Bioingredients

“…Brito et al (2019) [ 35 ], after determining the physicochemical characteristics of BRS Clara grapes, observed marked differences in relation to the two productive cycles analyzed, which resulted among all rootstocks in mean SS/TA values of 54.6 and 23.6. This index helps in deciding the ideal moment for harvest; because SS and TA have an inverse evolution relationship, they tend to be similar in relation to the evolution of SS, i.e., there is a progressive increase in SS/TA values until the period near the harvest [ 39 ].…”