Pyrolysis model of oil sand using thermogravimetric analysis

The influence of abundant calcium oxide addition on oil sand pyrolysis

“…The second is oil-producing stage where organics volatilize and decompose from 150°C to 600°C. Observed from the DTG curves during the stage, the weight loss was relatively slight before 350°C then got a quick increase after 400°C which agreed with the two-stage process during bitumen cracking [8,9]. Above 600°C is the third stage where carbonates, as the dominated inorganic minerals in oil sand, decompose into oxides and CO 2 .…”

“…[6], Pulikesi Murugan et al [7] and Phillips et al [8] studied thermal cracking behavior in the presence of mineral matrix to determine the effect on thermal cracking reactions which found that the yields of coke and gas from cracking bitumen-sand mixture were higher than those from pyrolyzed bitumen alone under a given temperature and reaction time. With the help of thermogravimetric analyzer, two distinct stages (both having different Arrhenius parameters) were showed during bitumen thermal cracking [7,9]: a relatively light organic substance volatilizing and desorbing from 150°C to 350°C; a relatively heavy organic substance cracking between 350°C and 600°C. Moreover, models such as Coats-Redfern [10], distributed activation energy model (DAEM) [1,11], Friedman procedure [12], integral iso-conversional non-linear (NL-INT) method [9], Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method (F-W-O) [13] etc., were applied to obtaining kinetics during pyrolysis.…”

“…With the help of thermogravimetric analyzer, two distinct stages (both having different Arrhenius parameters) were showed during bitumen thermal cracking [7,9]: a relatively light organic substance volatilizing and desorbing from 150°C to 350°C; a relatively heavy organic substance cracking between 350°C and 600°C. Moreover, models such as Coats-Redfern [10], distributed activation energy model (DAEM) [1,11], Friedman procedure [12], integral iso-conversional non-linear (NL-INT) method [9], Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method (F-W-O) [13] etc., were applied to obtaining kinetics during pyrolysis.…”

Pyrolysis behavior of Indonesia oil sand by TG-FTIR and in a fixed bed reactor

“…The second weight loss with a maximum rate at about 450℃ is due to the thermal decomposition of indigenous bitumen; And the third event at higher temperature was characterized by a great peak at 800℃due to the combustion of few fixed carbon and decomposition of some calcium carbonate. Therefore, the pyrolysis process of oil sand can be summarized as three stages: water evaporation, devolatilization and decomposition of residues [9].…”

Thermogravimetric study of water affinity of gelatin materials

“…Assessment of the apparent activation energy for individual stages of gelatin thermolysis was performed according to the following procedure. At first, bi-Gaussian multi-peak fitting of DTG curves was made [11]. Then, for each separated peak activation energy E a (J mol -1 ) was calculated using the formula [12]: E a = nRT p 2 H p (1-a) -1 , where T p -peak temperature, K; a p -conversion degree at peak maximum; H p -peak height, actually corresponding to the value da p /dT p , K -1 ; n-reaction order determined using the Kissinger method [13]: n = (S/0.63) 0.5 , S = b/a, where a and b-the segments formed by the projections of ascending and descending parts of the peak on the DTG curve to the zero line.…”