Pyrite FeS<sub>2</sub>for high-rate and long-life rechargeable sodium batteries

Hu, Zhe; Zhu, Zhiqiang; Cheng, Peng; Zhang, Kai; Wang, Jianbin; Chen, Chengcheng; Chen, Jun

doi:10.1039/c4ee03759f

Cited by 637 publications

(502 citation statements)

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“…[2][3][4][5][6] Rechargeable sodium-ion batteries have chemical storage mechanisms similar to their lithium-ion counterparts and are expected to be low cost and chemically sustainable as a result of an almost infinite supply of sodium. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Meanwhile, the feasible replacement of Cu with Al current collectors (an alloying reaction does not occur between Na and Al) will further reduce the substantial costs and weight for nextgeneration batteries.Layered sodium oxide Na x MeO 2 (Me = 3d transition metal) materials, owing to their large specific capacity and reversible insertion/ …”

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confidence: 99%

Understanding sodium-ion diffusion in layered P2 and P3 oxides via experiments and first-principles calculations: a bridge between crystal structure and electrochemical performance

et al. 2016

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Layered Na x MeO 2 (Me = transition metal) oxides, the most common electrode materials for sodium-ion batteries, fall into different phases according to their stacking sequences. Although the crystalline phase is well known to largely influence the electrochemical performance of these materials, the structure-property relationship is still not fully experimentally and theoretically understood. Herein, a couple consisting of P2-Na 0.62 Ti 0.37 Cr 0.63 O 2 and P3-Na 0.63 Ti 0.37 Cr 0.63 O 2 materials having nearly the same compositions is reported. The atomic crystal structures and charge compensation mechanism are confirmed by atomic-scale characterizations in the layered P2 and P3 structures, respectively, and notably, the relationship of the crystal structure-electrochemical performance is well defined in the layered P-type structures for the first time in this paper. The electrochemical results suggest that the P2 phase exhibits a better rate capability and cycling stability than the P3 phase. Density functional theory calculations combined with a galvanostatic intermittent titration technique indicates that the P2 phase shows a lower Na diffusion barrier in the presence of multi-Na vacancies, accounting for the better rate capability of the P2 phase. Our results reveal the relationship between the crystal structure and the electrochemical properties in P-type layered sodium oxides, demonstrating the potential for future electrode advancements for applications in sodium-ion batteries. INTRODUCTIONTo smoothly integrate renewable energy into a smart grid system, an inexpensive and efficient energy storage device is urgently needed for large-scale applications. 1 The increasing costs and limited availability of lithium suggest that an alternative to lithium-ion batteries should be developed to meet the demands of large-scale energy storage. [2][3][4][5][6] Rechargeable sodium-ion batteries have chemical storage mechanisms similar to their lithium-ion counterparts and are expected to be low cost and chemically sustainable as a result of an almost infinite supply of sodium. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Meanwhile, the feasible replacement of Cu with Al current collectors (an alloying reaction does not occur between Na and Al) will further reduce the substantial costs and weight for nextgeneration batteries.Layered sodium oxide Na x MeO 2 (Me = 3d transition metal) materials, owing to their large specific capacity and reversible insertion/

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confidence: 99%

Understanding sodium-ion diffusion in layered P2 and P3 oxides via experiments and first-principles calculations: a bridge between crystal structure and electrochemical performance

et al. 2016

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“…The mineral is an abundant and inexpensive material being researched as a cathode material for Li-ion and Na-ion batteries. [94][95][96] In the 80's attempts to utilize it for Al batteries were made but without any commercial value. [97] As the material has a very high theoretical capacity i.e., 894 mA h g −1 applications related to energy storage can be very appealing.…”

Section: Fes 2 (Pyrite)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Aluminium‐Based Intercalation Batteries

Ambrož

Macdonald

Nann

2017

Advanced Energy Materials

195

144

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energy, [4] large scale and portable energy storage becomes increasingly more important. Therefore, continued research into high-performing alternatives, which will meet the increased demand is imperative. A common way of evaluating potential alternatives for Li-based batteries involves calculating the theoretical specific capacity of potential candidates and comparing these results with other figures of merit. This reasoning leads to the conclusion that metals in the upper left corner of the periodic table are more interesting than the others. Table 1 shows these calculations together with some other parameters for common metal anodes.A second important parameter when searching for potential battery materials is the oxidation potential of the anode, where lower (less noble) is better. Comparing these parameters for the metals listed in Table 1 shows immediately that Li is one of the most promising candidates, but rare. The second most promising metal is aluminium (Al), which has a relatively high standard oxidation potential. Heavier metals and those in higher groups show much worse performance indicators. Nevertheless, this method of evaluation has to be considered with caution, because it is based on numerous assumptions. Such as, that the anode is oxidized during the charging/discharging process, which is not true for many practical systems.The literature on non-Li based intercalation batteries is clearly dominated by sodium (Na), [9,10] magnesium (Mg) [11,12] and Al [13] systems that are all more abundant natural elements than Li. There are few examples of potassium (K) [14] and (Ca), [15] which coincides clearly with the trend observed in Table 1 (as mentioned above, low performing "candidates" have been omitted in this table). Great efforts are aimed at these alternatives to improve capacity, power and cycles. Comparing Na-ion with Li-ion batteries, the common feature is a monovalent ion that can be inserted/extracted into/from the electrode material. Here, only one charge transfer takes place in contrast to Mg-ion, Ca-ion or Al-ion where two and three charges are involved in redox reactions respectively. As a result of multielectron reactions, higher specific capacity and energy density may be obtained. A key issue in order for multivalent ion insertion to be feasible is the electrode material that has to allow ion mobility.In this review, electrode materials for Al-ion batteries, namely different cathodes are discussed. Furthermore, their performance is compared highlighting drawbacks and advantages of every material.Over the last decade, optimizing energy storage has become significantly important in the field of energy conversion and sustainability. As a result of immense progress in the field, cost-effective and high performance batteries are imperative to meeting the future demand of sustainability. Currently, the best performing batteries are lithium-ion based, but limited lithium (Li) resources make research into alternatives essential. In recent years, the performance of aluminium-ion batteries ha...

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“…Currently, most reported research works on electrode materials have to conduct and present the optimization of electrolyte experiment for overall high-performance SIBs. [77][78][79] Besides, the rational choice of high-efficient binder and separator also highly depends on surface and interface chemistry knowledge. [80,81] Thus, to establish reliable standard system is essential for the development of commercial SIBs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured layered vanadium oxide as cathode for high-performance sodium-ion batteries: a perspective

2017

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Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have received intensive attentions owing to the abundant and inexpensive sodium (Na) resource. Layered vanadium oxides are featured with various valence states and corresponding compounds, and through multi-electron reaction they are capable to deliver high Na storage capacity. The rational construction of unique structures is verified to improve their Na storage properties. This perspective provides an overview of recent advances in layered vanadium oxide for SIBs, with a particular focus on construction of novel nanostructures, and mechanism studies via in situ characterization. Finally, we predict possible breakthroughs and future trends that lie ahead for high-performance layered vanadium oxides SIBs cathode.

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Pyrite FeS₂for high-rate and long-life rechargeable sodium batteries

Abstract: High-performance rechargeable Na/FeS2batteries showing only the intercalation reaction are obtained by selecting a NaSO3CF3/diglyme electrolyte and tuning the cut-off voltage to 0.8 V.

Cited by 637 publications

References 54 publications

Understanding sodium-ion diffusion in layered P2 and P3 oxides via experiments and first-principles calculations: a bridge between crystal structure and electrochemical performance

Understanding sodium-ion diffusion in layered P2 and P3 oxides via experiments and first-principles calculations: a bridge between crystal structure and electrochemical performance

Trends in Aluminium‐Based Intercalation Batteries

Nanostructured layered vanadium oxide as cathode for high-performance sodium-ion batteries: a perspective

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Pyrite FeS2for high-rate and long-life rechargeable sodium batteries

Abstract: High-performance rechargeable Na/FeS2batteries showing only the intercalation reaction are obtained by selecting a NaSO3CF3/diglyme electrolyte and tuning the cut-off voltage to 0.8 V.

Cited by 637 publications

References 54 publications

Understanding sodium-ion diffusion in layered P2 and P3 oxides via experiments and first-principles calculations: a bridge between crystal structure and electrochemical performance

Understanding sodium-ion diffusion in layered P2 and P3 oxides via experiments and first-principles calculations: a bridge between crystal structure and electrochemical performance

Trends in Aluminium‐Based Intercalation Batteries

Nanostructured layered vanadium oxide as cathode for high-performance sodium-ion batteries: a perspective

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Pyrite FeS₂for high-rate and long-life rechargeable sodium batteries