Purification and properties of a cytolytic toxin in venom of the jellyfish Carybdea marsupialis

Rottini, G; Gusmani, Laura; Parovel, Elisabetta; Avian, Massimo; Patriarca, Pierluigi

doi:10.1016/0041-0101(94)00174-7

Cited by 69 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Accordingly, evidence exists that cations may affect the protein structure of toxins. In particular, previous studies have shown that, in venom of the jellyfish Carybdea marsupialis , Ca 2+ induced a significant decrease in hemolytic activity [12]. Moreover, our previous results [22] showed that metal ions like Ba 2+ and Cu 2+ block the hemolytic activity of Pelagia noctiluca crude venom.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Crude venom from different Cnidaria specimens is reported to contain diverse compounds showing hemolytic, cytolytic, clastogenic, enzymatic, cardiotoxic, neurotoxic and even insecticidal effects, as revealed by different biological assays [12,13,14,15,16,17,18]. However, the current understanding on Cnidaria venom composition and biological activity is still incomplete for many species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy Metals Affect Nematocysts Discharge Response and Biological Activity of Crude Venom in the JellyfishPelagia noctiluca(Cnidaria, Scyphozoa)

Morabito

Dossena

Spada

et al. 2014

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background: Pollution of marine ecosystems and, specifically, heavy metals contamination may compromise the physiology of marine animals with events occurring on a cellular and molecular level. The present study focuses on the effect of short-term exposure to heavy metals like Zinc, Cadmium, Cobalt and Lanthanum (2-10 mM) on the homeostasis of Pelagia noctiluca (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa), a jellyfish abundant in the Mediterranean sea. This species possesses stinging organoids, termed nematocysts, whose discharge and concomitant delivery of venom underlie the survival of all Cnidaria. Methods: Nematocysts discharge response, elicited by combined chemico-physical stimulation, was verified on excised oral arms exposed to heavy metals for 20 min. In addition, the hemolytic activity of toxins, contained in the crude venom extracted from nematocysts isolated from oral arms, was tested on human erythrocytes, in the presence of heavy metals or their mixture. Results: Treatment with heavy metals significantly inhibited both nematocysts discharge response and hemolytic activity of crude venom, in a dose-dependent manner, not involving oxidative events, that was irreversible in the case of Lanthanum. Conclusion: Our findings show that the homeostasis of Pelagia noctiluca, in terms of nematocysts discharge capability and effectiveness of venom toxins, is dramatically and rapidly compromised by heavy metals and confirm that this jellyfish is eligible as a model for ecotoxicological investigations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals Affect Nematocysts Discharge Response and Biological Activity of Crude Venom in the JellyfishPelagia noctiluca(Cnidaria, Scyphozoa)

Morabito

Dossena

Spada

et al. 2014

Cell Physiol Biochem

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“…behaviour and ecology Nogueira & Haddad 2008;Acevedo et al 2013;Kingsford & Mooney 2014), while the effects of its toxin have been studied to a greater degree. Bathers stung by C. marsupialis are reported to have suffered from severe local pain, cutaneous reactions, characterized by erythematous-vascular linear wheals, and an intense burning sensation (Kokelj et al 1992;Rottini et al 1995;Peca et al 1997;Sánchez-Rodríguez et al 2006;Bordehore et al 2014). Public health problems triggered by C. marsupialis stings represent a threat for tourism activities and other local coastal socio-economic activities, in view of the high abundance of the same species during blooming events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First records ofCarybdea marsupialisproliferation (Cnidaria: Cubozoa) along the eastern Tunisian coast (Central Mediterranean)

Gueroun

Acevedo

Yahia

et al. 2015

Italian Journal of Zoology

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The cubozoan jellyfish Carybdea marsupialis Linnaeus, 1758 is recorded for the first time from the eastern Tunisian coast (Hammamet beach). A few specimens (three adult individuals) were first recorded in July 2005. In spite of several jellyfish monitoring campaigns carried out along the Tunisian coasts in recent years, new records of C. marsupialis from the same location were only made years later, in July and August 2014, consisting of aggregations of adult jellyfish (mean density of 1.1 ± 1.0 ind. m −3 ), which may pose a severe threat to bathers due to their painful stings. The mean morphometric parameter values from 55 C. marsupialis specimens sampled during the same period are reported here, and the possible causes for box jellyfish proliferation in the Hammamet coastal zone are also discussed.

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“…Haemolytic activity has been described on a variety of cnidarian venoms against erythrocytes of many different species, suggesting that jellyfish venom can have highly variable haemolytic activity among species (Rottini et al 1995;Torres et al 2001;Kang et al 2009). In the present study, we tested the haemolytic activity of crude venom from isolated nematocysts of P. noctiluca on erythrocytes of Carassius auratus and Liza aurata, two teleostean fish.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemolytic activity and characterization of nematocyst venom fromPelagia noctiluca(Cnidaria: Scyphozoa)

Trapani

Parrino

Parisi

et al. 2013

Italian Journal of Zoology

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We investigated the haemolytic capacity of the crude venom extracted from isolated nematocysts of Pelagia noctiluca (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa), and evidenced the proteic fractions responsible for this activity. The nematocyst venom was used at various concentrations to evaluate the haemolytic activity and the lysosomal membrane stability of red blood cells of two teleostean species treated with the extract. The nematocyst extract was assayed against erythrocytes of the two teleostean species living in different environments, Carassius auratus as a common freshwater species, and Liza aurata as a representative of seawater species. Experiments on the haemolytic activity of P. noctiluca in the presence of lipid components of erythrocyte membranes showed that sphyngomyelin strongly inhibited this activity. The crude venom was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis SDS-PAGE and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to detect the proteic composition, and it was found that the active haemolytic components of this venom are distributed in at least four protein fractions. The results of our experiments indicated that Pelagia noctiluca venom induces haemolysis and lysosomal membrane destabilisation in both species and that Carassius auratus was more susceptible to jellyfish venom than was Liza aurata. No significant differences in glutathione (GSH) levels were observed between control and treatments; consequently the toxins do not cause the oxidative stress but likely recognize specific targets (i.e. sphyngomyelin) in the plasmatic membrane of red blood cells.

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Purification and properties of a cytolytic toxin in venom of the jellyfish Carybdea marsupialis

Cited by 69 publications

References 11 publications

Heavy Metals Affect Nematocysts Discharge Response and Biological Activity of Crude Venom in the JellyfishPelagia noctiluca(Cnidaria, Scyphozoa)

Heavy Metals Affect Nematocysts Discharge Response and Biological Activity of Crude Venom in the JellyfishPelagia noctiluca(Cnidaria, Scyphozoa)

First records ofCarybdea marsupialisproliferation (Cnidaria: Cubozoa) along the eastern Tunisian coast (Central Mediterranean)

Haemolytic activity and characterization of nematocyst venom fromPelagia noctiluca(Cnidaria: Scyphozoa)

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